Case Report
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World J Gastrointest Endosc. Dec 16, 2012; 4(12): 571-574
Published online Dec 16, 2012. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v4.i12.571
Case of obscure-overt gastrointestinal bleeding after pediatric liver transplantation explained by endoscopic ultrasound
Gabriele Curcio, Marta Di Pisa, Roberto Miraglia, Pieralba Catalano, Luca Barresi, Ilaria Tarantino, Antonino Granata, Marco Spada, Mario Traina
Gabriele Curcio, Marta Di Pisa, Luca Barresi, Ilaria Tarantino, Antonino Granata, Mario Traina, Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Transplantation Unit, IsMeTT, 90100 Palermo, Italy
Roberto Miraglia, Department of Radiology, Liver Transplantation Unit, IsMeTT, 90100 Palermo, Italy
Pieralba Catalano, Marco Spada, Department of Pediatric, Liver Transplantation Unit, IsMeTT, 90100 Palermo, Italy
Author contributions: Curcio G was the lead investigator; Curcio G, Miraglia R and Catalano P performed the research; Granata A contributed new analytic tools; Curcio G, Barresi L, Tarantino I and Spada M analyzed the data; Curcio G and Di Pisa M wrote the paper; Traina M gave final approval.
Correspondence to: Gabriele Curcio, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Transplantation Unit, IsMeTT, UPMC, Via Tricomi 1, 90100 Palermo, Italy. gcurcio@ismett.edu
Telephone: +39-91-2192111 Fax: +39-91-2192400
Received: June 22, 2011
Revised: November 7, 2011
Accepted: April 27, 2012
Published online: December 16, 2012
Abstract

Portal hypertension, which is a common finding in children awaiting liver transplantation, is also found after transplantation. It’s reported the case of a 6-year-old girl, transplanted for biliary atresia, who had a severe obscure-overt bleeding presenting with melena. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed several duodenal small, bulging lesions, with some red signs. Near the lesions, a depressed area of 2 cm, covered with mixed hyperemic and white mucosa, was observed. To better evaluate these lesions, we performed an endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) that showed multiple, round hypoechoic areas 0.5-5 mm in diameter, compatible with duodenal varices, and several periduodenal anechoic lesions compatible with collaterals. A consecutive computed tomography scan showed a stenosis of the portal vein anastomosis confirmed with a transhepatic portography, which was successfully treated with balloon angioplasty. No further episodes of bleeding were observed during the follow-up. This case report suggests that EUS is safe and feasible in young children when using echoendoscopes designed for use in adults. However further studies are needed to validate the employment of this technique in the management and follow-up of pediatric portal hypertension.

Keywords: Obscure bleeding; Pediatric; Endoscopic ultrasound; Liver transplantation; Gastrointestinal