Direct-acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus-infected patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Characteristics of patients

	Overall	With HCC	Without HCC	P value1
Case	311	53	258
Age in yr	68.1 ± 13.5	75.8 ± 6.7	66.5 ± 14.1	< 0.01
Male/Female	143/168	27/26	116/142	0.45
Diabetes, yes/no	47/264	19/34	28/230	< 0.01
Habitual alcohol use2, yes/no	56/255	12/41	44/214	0.33
Liver cirrhosis, yes/no	224/87	18/35	52/206	< 0.01
Genotype, 1b/2a, 2b/others	229/73/10	45/7/1	183/66/9	0.04
Alb in g/dL	3.9 ± 0.4	3.5 ± 0.4	4.0 ± 0.4	< 0.01
ALT in U/L	44.3 ± 45.0	40.3 ± 22.0	45.1 ± 48.3	0.48
Plt as × 104/μL	16.0 ± 5.9	12.9 ± 5.6	16.7 ± 5.8	< 0.01
Fib-4 index	3.87 ± 3.24	6.27 ± 4.64	3.37 ± 2.60	< 0.01
AFP in ng/mL	12.0 ± 35.2	23.7 ± 52.4	9.4 ± 29.6	0.047

¹Statistical significance set up as P < 0.05 as compared between with HCC vs without HCC.

²Habitual alcohol use is defined as daily alcohol consumption of > 20 g a woman or > 30 g for a man.

Alb: Albumin; AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; Fib-4: Fibrosis-4; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Plt: Platelet.

Table 2 Treatment with direct-acting antivirals

Regimens	With HCC	Without HCC
DCV + ASV/SOF + LDV/SOF + Rib/GLE + PIB/others	13/24/6/6/4	45/103/35/58/20
SVR at 12 wk post-treatment, yes/no	52/1	250/8
AFP at EOT in ng/mL	7.64 ± 6.81a	3.93 ± 3.99
AFP at SVR in ng/mL	6.60 ± 6.27a	3.68 ± 2.64

^aP < 0.05 as compared between with HCC vs without HCC.

AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ASV: Asunaprevir; EOT: End of treatment; DCV: Daclatasvir; GLE: Glecaprevir; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; LDV: Ledipasvir; PIB: Pibrentasvir; Rib: Ribavirin; SOF: Sofosbuvir; SVR: Sustained viral response.

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after direct-acting antiviral treatment

Factors	Univariate			Multivariate
	HR	95% CI	P value	HR	95% CI	P value
Age	0.98	0.92-1.04	0.52
CH or LC	0.50	0.21-1.21	0.12
Diabetes	1.12	0.79-1.59	0.53
Habitual alcohol use	1.08	0.68-1.51	0.51
Fib-4	1.01	0.93-1.09	0.86
AFP at baseline	1.01	1.00-1.01	0.22
AFP at EOT	1.09	1.00-1.19	0.05	1.10	1.00-1.01	0.05
AFP at SVR	1.01	1.00-1.01	0.04	1.01	1.00-1.01	0.08
Duration between first HCC and DAAs treatment	1.00	1.00-1.00	0.18
Number of HCC occurrence	1.32	1.06-1.64	0.02	1.61	1.18-2.19	< 0.01

AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; CH: Chronic hepatitis; CI: Confidence interval; DAAs: Direct-acting antivirals; EOT: End of treatment; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; HR: Hazard ratio; LC: Liver cirrhosis; SVR: Sustained viral response.