Aceclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity: An ameliorative effect of Terminalia bellirica fruit and ellagic acid

doi:10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.949

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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World J Hepatol. Nov 27, 2020; 12(11): 949-964
Published online Nov 27, 2020. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.949

Table 1 Effect of Terminalia bellirica fruit extracts and ellagic acid on body weight and liver weight of aceclofenac treated rats

Groups	Body weight, change (%)	Absolute liver, weight (g)	Relative liver, weight (%)
Group I	18.83 ± 1.15	4.62 ± 0.16	2.85 ± 0.29
Group II	-20.50 ± 6.87^a	6.56 ± 0.41^a	3.95 ± 1.29^a
Group III	-09.17 ± 3.78^b	4.82 ± 0.19^b	3.05 ± 0.35^b
Group IV	-11.06 ± 3.77^b	5.17 ± 0.87^b	3.13 ± 0.46^b
Group V	-18.50 ± 6.26^b	5.70 ± 1.09^b	3.44 ± 0.58^b
Group VI	-14.83 ± 3.21^b	5.03 ± 0.95^b	3.21 ± 0.64^b

Group I: Control rats; Group II: Aceclofenac (ACF) treated rats; Group III: ACF + Silymarin treated rats; Group IV: ACF + Ellagic acid treated rats; Group V: ACF + Aqueous extract treated rats; Group VI: ACF + Ethyl acetate extract treated rats. Each value is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5). Silymarin was used as a positive control.

^aRepresents a significant difference compared with the control (^aP < 0.0001).

^bRepresents a significant difference compared with group II (^bP < 0.005).

Table 2 Effect of Terminalia bellirica fruit extracts and ellagic acid on serum hepatic function markers in aceclofenac treated rats

Groups	Total protein (g/dL)	ALP (IU/L)	SGOT (IU/L)	SGPT (IU/L)	Uric acid (mg/dL)	Creatinine (mg/dL)	LDH (IU/L)	GGT (IU/L)
Group I	6.05 ± 0.45	87.16 ± 14.19	69.37 ± 10.24	58.19 ± 09.13	1.71 ± 0.37	0.80 ± 0.33	304.76 ± 10.23	4.27 ±1.08
Group II	3.64 ± 0.14^a	157.32 ± 26.16^a1	165.40 ± 12.51^a1	158.43 ± 8.24^a1	6.87 ± 0.22^a	3.12 ± 1.31^a	689.34 ± 11.21^a1	9.29 ± 2.15^a1
Group III	5.72 ± 0.17^b1	93.49 ± 9.08^b1	85.21 ± 16.34^b1	69.09 ± 4.71^b1	2.32 ± 0.13^b1	1.37 ± 0.18^b1	401.19 ± 3.89^b1	5.87 ± 0.24^b
Group IV	5.52 ± 0.31^b1	96.65 ± 11.25^b1	89.56 ± 9.13^b1	74.98 ± 11.38^b1	2.34 ± 0.24^b1	1.49 ± 0.17^b1	449.54 ± 15.09^b1	6.18 ± 0.51^b1
Group V	4.75 ± 0.38^b2	121.49 ± 16.13^b2	140.17 ± 4.75^b1	132.11 ± 14.17^b1	3.38 ± 0.52^b2	2.72 ± 0.18^b2	587.37 ± 7.94^b2	7.69 ± 0.27^b2
Group VI	5.60 ± 0.11^b2	107.17 ± 12.37^b1	113.6 ± 4.89^b1	109.25 ± 04.85^b1	2.53 ± 0.19^b2	2.16 ± 0.06^b1	505.18 ± 11.45^b1	6.68 ± 0.39^b2

Group-I: Control rats; Group-II: Aceclofenac (ACF) treated rats; Group-III: ACF + Silymarin treated rats; Group-IV: ACF + Ellagic acid treated rats; Group-V: ACF + Aqueous extract treated rats; Group-VI: ACF + Ethyl acetate extract treated rats. Each value is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 5). Silymarin was used as a positive control. ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; GGT: Glutamyl transferase.

^aRepresents a significant difference compared with the control.

^a1P < 0.0001.

^bRepresents a significant difference compared with group II.

^b1P < 0.0005.

^b2P < 0.005.

Table 3 Effect of Terminalia bellirica fruit extracts and ellagic acid on antioxidant markers in liver tissue homogenate of aceclofenac treated rats

Groups	MDA (nmol/mg protein)	SOD (U/mg protein)	Catalase (U/mg protein)
Group I	2.68 ± 0.08	31.09 ± 0.71	8.45 ± 0.17
Group II	18.63 ± 1.43^a	12.04 ± 1.49^a	3.21 ± 0.84^a
Group III	4.50 ± 0.18^b1	29.11 ± 0.35^b1	7.59 ± 0.41^b1
Group IV	6.74 ± 0.14^b1	27.24 ± 0.57^b1	7.19 ± 0.37^b1
Group V	12.28 ± 0.12^b2	19.80 ± 0.62^b2	5.77 ± 1.19^b2
Group VI	9.46 ± 0.19^b1	21.15 ± 0.49^b2	6.23 ± 0.92^b2

^aRepresents a significant difference compared with the control (¹P < 0.0001).

^bRepresents a significant difference compared with group II.

^b1P < 0.0001.

^b2P < 0.005.

Citation: Gupta A, Pandey A. Aceclofenac-induced hepatotoxicity: An ameliorative effect of Terminalia bellirica fruit and ellagic acid. World J Hepatol 2020; 12(11): 949-964
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i11/949.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.949