Lavoie JM. Dynamics of hepatic and intestinal cholesterol and bile acid pathways: The impact of the animal model of estrogen deficiency and exercise training. World J Hepatol 2016; 8(23): 961-975 [PMID: 27621762 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i23.961]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Jean-Marc Lavoie, PhD, Professor, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, CP 6128, Succ “Centre-ville”, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada. jean-marc.lavoie@umontreal.ca
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Aug 18, 2016; 8(23): 961-975 Published online Aug 18, 2016. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i23.961
Dynamics of hepatic and intestinal cholesterol and bile acid pathways: The impact of the animal model of estrogen deficiency and exercise training
Jean-Marc Lavoie
Jean-Marc Lavoie, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
Author contributions: Lavoie JM performed all the work of this manuscript.
Supported byThe Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, No. NSERC 7594.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author declares that he has no competing interests.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Jean-Marc Lavoie, PhD, Professor, Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, CP 6128, Succ “Centre-ville”, Montreal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada. jean-marc.lavoie@umontreal.ca
Telephone: +1-514-3437044
Received: March 20, 2016 Peer-review started: March 22, 2016 First decision: May 19, 2016 Revised: May 25, 2016 Accepted: July 14, 2016 Article in press: July 18, 2016 Published online: August 18, 2016 Processing time: 151 Days and 10.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: The liver is considered the master piece in regulation of plasma cholesterol levels. Together with the intestine they control the influx and the efflux of cholesterol and biliary acids in the body. Cholesterol and its conversion into biliary acids are regulated by an extended network of enzymes and transporters that largely influence plasma cholesterol levels. The key regulators of cholesterol and biliary acids in liver and intestine are in turn affected by several factors including estrogens levels and more recently exercise training. Low estrogenic levels, such as seen in post-menopausal women, are associated with higher plasma cholesterol levels. In recent years more information has been accumulated on the extent to which low estrogenic levels, such as seen in an ovariectomized animal model, influence cholesterol and biliary metabolism at the molecular level. As an alternative to a deficiency in estrogens, exercise training has been reported to exert a beneficial effect on these key regulators of cholesterol and biliary acids.
