Evaluating serum extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 protein vs p53 antibody for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis

doi:10.4254/wjh.v17.i7.108850

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Jul 27, 2025 (publication date) through Jul 25, 2025

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Hepatol. Jul 27, 2025; 17(7): 108850
Published online Jul 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i7.108850

Evaluating serum extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 protein vs p53 antibody for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis

Yan-Fei Feng, Hui-Kun Zhou, Bo-Bin Hu, Hang Wang, Heng-Kai Liang, Lu Wei, Qing-Mei Li, Tu-Mei Su, Qian-Bing Yin, Ming-Hua Su, Jian-Ning Jiang

Yan-Fei Feng, Hui-Kun Zhou, Bo-Bin Hu, Hang Wang, Heng-Kai Liang, Lu Wei, Qing-Mei Li, Tu-Mei Su, Qian-Bing Yin, Ming-Hua Su, Jian-Ning Jiang, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Jian-Ning Jiang, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Jian-Ning Jiang, Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Co-first authors: Yan-Fei Feng and Hui-Kun Zhou.

Co-corresponding authors: Ming-Hua Su and Jian-Ning Jiang.

Author contributions: Feng YF and Zhou HK contributed equally to this work; Su MH and Jiang JN have made crucial and indispensable contributions towards the completion of the project and thus qualified as co-corresponding authors; Feng YF, Zhou HK, Hu BB, Wang H, Liang HK, Wei L, Li QM, Su TM, and Yin QB performed the research and analyzed the data; Feng YF and Zhou HK analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; Su MH and Jiang JN designed and supervised the study; All authors read and approved the final version.

Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960115, No. 82160123 and No. 82260124; Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor (Guangxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, No. GKE-ZZ202107; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Early Prevention and Treatment for Regional High Frequency Tumor, No. GKE-ZZ202218; and Guangxi Science and Technology Program, No. AD25069077.

Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University (Approval No. 2025-E0320).

Informed consent statement: Consent was not obtained but the presented data are anonymized and risk of identification is low.

Conflict-of-interest statement: There are no conflicts of interest to disclose.

STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.

Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Jian-Ning Jiang, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. gxjjianning@163.com

Received: April 25, 2025
Revised: May 31, 2025
Accepted: June 25, 2025
Published online: July 27, 2025
Processing time: 92 Days and 1.6 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: This study evaluates serum extra spindle pole bodies-like 1 (ESPL1) protein as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC), demonstrating superior sensitivity and accuracy compared to p53 antibody and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). ESPL1 levels progressively increase from chronic hepatitis B to cirrhosis and HCC, correlating with disease progression. Mechanistically, ESPL1 overexpression due to HBV integration drives chromosomal instability, promoting oncogenesis. These findings support ESPL1 as a promising biomarker for early HBV-HCC detection. The study also suggests that ESPL1 may complement AFP in clinical settings, offering enhanced diagnostic reliability and supporting its potential as a novel candidate for HBV-HCC early detection.