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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Mar 27, 2025; 17(3): 104167
Published online Mar 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i3.104167
Published online Mar 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i3.104167
Gut microbiota in the development and progression of chronic liver diseases: Gut microbiota-liver axis
Aysun Yakut, Department of Gastroenterology, İstanbul Medipol University Sefakoy Health Practice Research Center, İstanbul 38000, Türkiye
Author contributions: Yakut A designed the overall concept and outline of the manuscript, wrote and edited the manuscript, and performed the literature review.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author reports no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Aysun Yakut, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, İstanbul Medipol University Sefakoy Health Practice Research Center, Maslak Cesme Street, Tevfikbey District, Kucukcekmece, İstanbul 38000, Türkiye. aysun.yakut@istanbul.edu.tr
Received: December 12, 2024
Revised: January 28, 2025
Accepted: February 25, 2025
Published online: March 27, 2025
Processing time: 104 Days and 10.1 Hours
Revised: January 28, 2025
Accepted: February 25, 2025
Published online: March 27, 2025
Processing time: 104 Days and 10.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: The gut microbiota (GM) plays an active role in both physiological and pathological processes for the host. These microbiomes and their metabolites living in the intestine interact with the host metabolism and reach the liver via portal flow. This interaction creates many defined and undefined mechanisms, forming the intestinal microbiota-liver axis. GM, together with the host interaction, can play a triggering role in the development of chronic diseases in the liver, and can also cause the existing chronic liver disease to complicate. GM, surprisingly, can also contribute to the progression of cirrhosis, cirrhosis complications and hepatocellular carcinoma.