Copyright
©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Apr 27, 2022; 14(4): 670-681
Published online Apr 27, 2022. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i4.670
Published online Apr 27, 2022. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i4.670
Evidence-based approach to management of hepatic encephalopathy in adults
Gilles Jadd Hoilat, Fathima Keshia Suhail, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
Talal Adhami, Department of Gastroenterology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States
Savio John, Department of Gastroenterology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
Author contributions: Hoilat GJ contributed to the manuscript conception and design, literature review, drafting of the manuscript, and submission of the manuscript; Hoilat GJ, Suhail FK, Adhami T, and John S contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; Adhami T and John S contributed to the study supervision; John S is responsible for the overall work as a guarantor.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We have no affiliations with any organization or entity with any financial or non-financial interest in the subject matter pertaining to this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Gilles Jadd Hoilat, MBBS, Academic Fellow, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 E Adams St, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States. hoilatg@upstate.edu
Received: April 17, 2021
Peer-review started: April 17, 2021
First decision: July 27, 2021
Revised: August 7, 2021
Accepted: March 25, 2022
Article in press: March 25, 2022
Published online: April 27, 2022
Peer-review started: April 17, 2021
First decision: July 27, 2021
Revised: August 7, 2021
Accepted: March 25, 2022
Article in press: March 25, 2022
Published online: April 27, 2022
Core Tip
Core Tip: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a reversible syndrome of impaired brain function and represents one of the many complications of portal hypertension and decompensated liver disease. This review provides an update on the conventional and emerging treatment options for HE. The different conventional and emerging therapeutic options available to date are detailed in the manuscript. We have elaborated all the data available in the literature about the use of fecal microbiota transplant in the treatment of HE.