Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Nov 27, 2021; 13(11): 1568-1583
Published online Nov 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1568
Hepatocellular carcinoma: Understanding molecular mechanisms for defining potential clinical modalities
Abhiram Natu, Anjali Singh, Sanjay Gupta
Abhiram Natu, Anjali Singh, Sanjay Gupta, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
Abhiram Natu, Anjali Singh, Sanjay Gupta, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, India
Author contributions: Natu A and Singh A collected the data, drew the figures and compiled the review; Natu A and Gupta S analyzed the figures and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Authors declare no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Sanjay Gupta, PhD, Senior Scientist, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Gupta Laboratory, Cancer Research Institute, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India. sgupta@actrec.gov.in
Received: March 10, 2021
Peer-review started: March 10, 2021
First decision: May 2, 2021
Revised: May 12, 2021
Accepted: September 8, 2021
Article in press: September 8, 2021
Published online: November 27, 2021
Processing time: 259 Days and 0.5 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: This review article focuses on the limitations of diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Furthermore, the use of omics technology with clinical attributes for categorizing HCC patients in order that personalized treatment can be designed to prolong survival is discussed. Finally, the potential of epi-drugs in targeting epigenetic changes in the disease and resistance has been proposed.