Campion D, Giovo I, Ponzo P, Saracco GM, Balzola F, Alessandria C. Dietary approach and gut microbiota modulation for chronic hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis. World J Hepatol 2019; 11(6): 489-512 [PMID: 31293718 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i6.489]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Carlo Alessandria, MD, Doctor, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, University of Turin, C.so Bramante 88, 10126 Turin, Italy. carloalessandria@libero.it
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Jun 27, 2019; 11(6): 489-512 Published online Jun 27, 2019. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v11.i6.489
Dietary approach and gut microbiota modulation for chronic hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhosis
Daniela Campion, Ilaria Giovo, Paola Ponzo, Giorgio M Saracco, Federico Balzola, Carlo Alessandria
Daniela Campion, Ilaria Giovo, Paola Ponzo, Giorgio M Saracco, Federico Balzola, Carlo Alessandria, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
Author contributions: Campion D, Giovo I, Ponzo P and Alessandria C drafted and edited the manuscript; Saracco GM and Balzola F supervised the editing of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Carlo Alessandria, MD, Doctor, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino Hospital, University of Turin, C.so Bramante 88, 10126 Turin, Italy. carloalessandria@libero.it
Telephone: +39-011-6335561 Fax: +39-011-6335714
Received: March 15, 2019 Peer-review started: March 15, 2019 First decision: April 22, 2019 Revised: May 15, 2019 Accepted: May 20, 2019 Article in press: May 21, 2019 Published online: June 27, 2019
Core Tip
Core tip: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a serious complication of cirrhosis resulting from a multifactorial impairment of gut-liver-brain axis functioning. Multiple interrelated factors (e.g., intestinal hyperpermeability, dysbiosis, hyperammonemia, inflammation) cooperate in its development. “Gut-centric” therapies, including non-absorbable disaccharides, antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation have been successfully employed to manage HE: pertinent current knowledge will be reviewed. Furthermore, the utility of dietary modifications in this context is increasingly recognized, thus opening a new promising research path. This review sheds light on dietary therapeutic strategies for HE, exploring how they can target the mechanisms underlying gut-liver-brain axis dysregulation.
