Kambakamba P, Cremen S, Möckli B, Linecker M. Timing of surgical repair of bile duct injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review. World J Hepatol 2022; 14(2): 442-455 [PMID: 35317176 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.442]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Patryk Kambakamba, MD, Surgeon, Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent’s University Hospital Dublin, Elm Park Dublin 4, Dublin d04 T6F4, Ireland. patryk.kambakamba@usz.ch
Research Domain of This Article
Surgery
Article-Type of This Article
Systematic Reviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Feb 27, 2022; 14(2): 442-455 Published online Feb 27, 2022. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i2.442
Timing of surgical repair of bile duct injuries after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A systematic review
Patryk Kambakamba, Sinead Cremen, Beat Möckli, Michael Linecker
Patryk Kambakamba, Sinead Cremen, Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent’s University Hospital Dublin, Dublin d04 T6F4, Ireland
Patryk Kambakamba, Department of Surgery, Cantonal Hospital Glarus, Glarus 8750, Switzerland
Beat Möckli, Department of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University of Geneva Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Switzerland
Michael Linecker, Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany
Author contributions: Kambakamba P, Cremen S, Möckli B, and Linecker M all contributed in creating this manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Patryk Kambakamba, MD, Surgeon, Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, St. Vincent’s University Hospital Dublin, Elm Park Dublin 4, Dublin d04 T6F4, Ireland. patryk.kambakamba@usz.ch
Received: June 19, 2021 Peer-review started: June 19, 2021 First decision: July 16, 2021 Revised: October 2, 2021 Accepted: February 10, 2022 Article in press: February 10, 2022 Published online: February 27, 2022
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background
Bile duct injuries (BDIs) are an important topic for the practicing hepatobiliary (HPB) surgeon. While it is widely agreed that most major BDIs after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) should undergo surgical repair, the timing of repair is still controversially discussed in the literature.
Research motivation
Our research motivation was: (1) To bring clarity into the terms "immediate", "early", "delayed", and "late" repair; and (2) to assess postoperative complications.
Research objectives
The objective of this study was to assess timing of bile duct repair after BDI and postoperative complications.
Research methods
A systematic review of the literature was performed using the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library. These databases were systematically screened up to August 2021. Bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale.
Research results
A total of 439 abstracts were screened, and 24 studies were included with 15609 patients included in this review. Of the 5229 BDIs reported, 4934 (94%) were classified as major injury. Timing of bile duct repair was immediate (14%, n = 705), early (28%, n = 1367), delayed (28%, n = 1367), or late (26%, n = 1286). Standardization of definition for timing of repair was remarkably poor among studies.
Research conclusions
The lack of standardization among studies precludes any conclusive recommendation on optimal timing of BDI repair after LC. This finding indicates an urgent need for a standardized reporting system of BDI repair.
Research perspectives
Future perspectives include the establishment of a clear definition for the terms "immediate", "early", "delayed", and "late" repair. Only such a definition can make comparisons of study outcomes possible.
