Published online Apr 28, 2015. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i6.910
Peer-review started: September 2, 2014
First decision: November 27, 2014
Revised: January 10, 2015
Accepted: February 9, 2015
Article in press: February 11, 2015
Published online: April 28, 2015
Processing time: 241 Days and 12.8 Hours
Advanced cholangiocarcinoma is associated with poor prognostic survival and has limited therapeutic options available at present. The importance of angiogenesis and expression of pro-angiogenic factors in intrahepatic forms of cholangiocarcinoma suggest that therapies targeting angiogenesis might be useful for the treatment of this disease. Here we report three cases of patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progressive after standard chemotherapy and treated with sunitinib 50 mg/d in 6-wk cycles of 4 wk on treatment followed by 2 wk off treatment (Schedule 4/2). In all three patients, sunitinib treatment was associated with a sustained disease control superior to 4 mo, patients achieving either a partial response or stable disease. A reduction in tumor size and density was observed in all cases, suggesting tumor necrosis as a result of sunitinib treatment in these patients. In addition, sunitinib was generally well tolerated and the occurrence of side effects was managed with standard medical interventions, as required. Our results suggest that sunitinib therapy may be associated with favorable outcomes and tolerability in patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma. Those observations contributed to launch a prospective phase II multicenter trial investigating sunitinib in advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (SUN-CK study; NCT01718327).
Core tip: No systemic therapy after progression on platinum-based chemotherapy is currently approved. Based on imaging hypervascular pattern and molecular expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, we evaluated sunitinib, a multikinase inhibitor as second line treatment in patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. We report 3 cases of disease control lasting 4-16 mo that provide the rational for developing prospective clinical trials with sunitinib in second line for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.