Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Dec 27, 2024; 16(12): 1441-1449
Published online Dec 27, 2024. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i12.1441
Clinical analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in patients with liver cirrhosis in Beijing
Yu Zhang, Hong Zhao, Shi-Bo Ji, Hui-Chun Xing
Yu Zhang, Shi-Bo Ji, Hui-Chun Xing, Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
Hong Zhao, Center of Liver Diseases Division 1, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing 100015, China
Author contributions: Guarantor of the article Xing HC accepts full responsibility for the conduct of the study, has access to the data, and has control of the decision to publish; Zhang Y proposed the concept, contributed to the study design, wrote the manuscript, and performed statistical analysis; Zhao H contributed to the study design and performed statistical analysis, and data collection; Ji SB contributed to data collection.
Supported by the National Key R & D Program of China, No. 2021YFC2301800.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Beijing Ditan Hospital, No. JDLZ[2017]-001.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Hui-Chun Xing, PhD, Professor, Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, No. 8 Jingshun East Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100015, China. hchxing@sohu.com
Received: June 4, 2024
Revised: October 7, 2024
Accepted: November 12, 2024
Published online: December 27, 2024
Processing time: 178 Days and 6.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

The incidence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) infection in patients with cirrhosis has been increasing over recent years, posing certain difficulties in clinical treatment.

AIM

To analyze the clinical features of patients with liver cirrhosis and identify the risk factors to help the early diagnosis and treatment of these diseases.

METHODS

Clinical data and laboratory tests were collected from 72 patients with cirrhosis confirmed by secretion or blood culture of K. pneumoniae infection at Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, between May 2016 and October 2018. Data from hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis and K. pneumoniae infections, including age, sex, antimicrobial use, length of stay, site of infection, distribution of pathogenic bacteria, complications, invasive operations, laboratory indicators, treatment, and clinical regression, were extracted and retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data and biochemical values were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 52 men and 20 women, with an age range from 29 to 85 years and an average age of 57.7 ± 12.54, were analyzed. The incidence of hospital K. pneumoniae infection in patients with cirrhosis was approximately 19.44%. The most common the infection site was the bloodstream, followed by the respiratory tract, abdominal cavity, and biliary tract. Risk factors for infection were old age, long hospital stays, gastrointestinal bleeding, and low serum albumin levels, while prophylactic antibiotics were protective factors. The multivariate analysis suggested that other infections, chronic diseases, and invasive procedures were independent factors.

CONCLUSION

In clinical practice, the length of hospital stays should be shortened as much as possible, invasive operations should be reduced, antibiotics should be rationally used, and the patients’ liver function should be timely improved. This is of great significance for reducing the incidence of hospital infection.

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae; Cirrhosis; Antibiotics; Logistic regression; Hospital infection

Core Tip: Patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to infections, particularly nosocomial infections, due to severe impairment of liver function and reduced immune function. The study profoundly expands our knowledge about the clinical feature of the Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) infection with chronic liver disease. And this is the first study of its kind to be published in China on K. pneumoniae infection in individuals with liver cirrhosis. The findings of this investigation are reliable and show a considerable difference.