Published online Nov 27, 2024. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v16.i11.1361
Revised: September 30, 2024
Accepted: October 15, 2024
Published online: November 27, 2024
Processing time: 93 Days and 2.9 Hours
Despite the significant efforts made in recent years, the latest data from the World Health Organization indicates that there are substantial challenges in achieving the elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by 2030. The article in the World Journal of Hepatology by Ismael et al highlighted the limited accessibility to screening and antiviral treatment for HBV infection in eastern Ethiopia. Therefore, the editorial comments on this article will focus on the current challenges and recent efforts in the prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B, particularly emphasizing the expansion of screening and antiviral therapy, as well as feasible strategies to improve accessibility for HBV testing, antiviral therapy, and adherence enhancement.
Core Tip: Currently, the rates of diagnosis and treatment are significantly low, particularly in resource-limited developing countries. Therefore, immediate action must be taken without any delay. In the expanding screening population, it is essential to prioritize hepatitis B surface antigen testing for all high-risk groups and utilize high sensitivity hepatitis B virus DNA testing to detect low-level viremia, which is associated with the prognosis of hepatitis B virus infection. Some patients in the indeterminate phase require immediate antiviral treatment. Reducing the cost and improving access to screening and treatment are also crucial, highlighting the need for collaboration between governments, healthcare organizations, and pharmaceutical companies. Integrating the delivery of care, prevention, and treatment for hepatitis B into existing health services can streamline testing, care, and treatment for hepatitis B.