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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Stem Cells. Apr 26, 2015; 7(3): 649-656
Published online Apr 26, 2015. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i3.649
Table 1 Comparison between different protocols to convert/derive human pluripotent stem cell into naïve stem cell
Ref.Compounds (inhibitor of)ConversionDerivationXCI status
Gafni et al[49]PD0325901 (MEKi)1, CHIR99021 (GSKi)1, SP600125 (JNKi), SB203580 (MAPKi), LIF1, IGF1, FGF2, TGFB1hESC/hiPSChESC/hiPSCXIST RNA (-) H3K27me3 (-) XaXa
Chan et al[50]PD0325901 (MEKi)1, BIO (GSKi)1, Dorsomorphin (BMPi), LIF12hESC/hiPSCshiPSCsnt
Ware et al[51]PD0325901 (MEKi)1, CHIR99021 (GSKi)1, FGF2, LIF1, Activin A, NSC74859 (STAT3i), SU5402 (FGFRi)hESC/hiPSChESCXIST RNA (-) XaXa
Valamehr et al[52]PD0325901 (MEKi)1, CHIR99021 (GSKi)1, Thiazovivin (ROCKi), FGF2, LIF1, SB431542 (ALKi/TGFB1R)-hiPSCXIST RNA (downreg.) H3K27me3 (< 10%) XaXa
Theunissen et al[55]PD0325901 (MEKi)1, CHIR99021 (GSKi)1, SB590885 (BRAFi), Y27632 (Rocki), WH-4-023 (pan-RTKi), LIF1, FGF, Activin A2hESChESC/hiPSCXIST RNA (+) XaXi
1Compounds used in most works;
2Addition of MEFs. nt: Not tested; ALKi: Inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily type I activing; TGFB1: Receptor-like kinase (ALK) receptors; BMPi: Inhibitor of bone morphogenic protein; BRAF1: Serine/threonine-specific protein kinase participating of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling transduction cascade; FGF: Fibroblast growth factor; FGF2: Fibroblast growth factor 2; FGFRi: Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor; GSKi: Glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor; H3K27me3: Tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3; hESC: Human embryonic stem cells; hiPSC: Human induced pluripotent stem cells; IGF1: Insulin-like growth factor 1; JNKi: Inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase; LIF: Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; MAPKi: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor; MEKi: Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor; Pan-RTKi: Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) Inhibitor; ROCKi: Inhibitor of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase; STAT3i: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 inhibitor; TGFB1: Transforming growth factor beta 1; Xa: Active X chromosome; Xi: Inactive X chromosome; XIST RNA: RNA FISH signals from X-inactive specific transcript - XIST.