Long-term outcome of stem cell transplantation with and without anti-tumor necrotic factor therapy in perianal fistula with Crohn’s disease

Table 1 Patient characteristics and clinical variables between anti-tumor necrotic factor and without anti-tumor necrotic factor groups, n (%)

	Anti-TNF (n = 27)	Without anti-TNF (n = 38)	P value
Age, median (IQR) (yr)	26 (23.00-32.00)	26 (20.00-31.25)	0.378
Sex			0.596
Male	11 (40.7)	18 (47.4)
Female	16 (59.3)	20 (52.6)
Montreal classification
Age at onset			0.772
A1 (≤ 16 yr)	5 (18.5)	6 (15.8)
A2 (17-40 yr)	22 (81.5)	32 (84.2)
A3 (≥ 41 yr)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Location			0.025
L1 (Ileum)	3 (11.1)	9 (23.7)
L2 (Colon)	0 (0.0)	6 (15.8)
L3 (Ileocolon)	24 (88.9)	23 (60.5)
Behavior			0.850
B1 (non-stricturing, non-penetrating)	17 (63.0)	26 (68.4)
B2 (stricturing)	5 (18.5)	8 (21.1)
B3 (penetrating)	5 (18.5)	4 (10.5)
Fistula type			0.915
Simple	4 (14.8)	6 (15.8)
Complex	23 (85.2)	32 (84.2)
Multiple fistula	9 (33.3)	13 (46.4)	0.941
Fistula length > 7 cm	8 (29.6)	5 (13.2)	0.102
CDAI, (mean ± SD)	101.87 ± 55.69	80.79 ± 47.47	0.111
Proctitis	10 (37.0)	12 (31.6)	0.647
Stricture	3 (11.1)	3 (7.9)	0.659
Abscess	3 (11.1)	2 (5.3)	0.383
Recto-vaginal fistula	3 (11.1)	2 (5.3)	0.383
Medical treatment
Immunomodulators	11 (40.7)	28 (73.7)	0.008
Smoking	1 (3.7)	1 (2.6)	0.217
Previous fistula OP	27 (100.0)	38 (100.0)	1.000
No. previous fistula OP, mean ± SD (times)	3.30 ± 2.55	2.45 ± 3.29	0.266
Disease duration, mean ± SD (yr)	7.15 ± 4.74	5.87 ± 5.28	0.310
Follow-up, mean ± SD (months)	70.52 ± 31.74	62.58 ± 33.31	0.338

TNF: Tumor necrotic factor; IQR: Interquartile range; CDAI: Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; OP: Operation.

Table 2 Fistula closure and recurrence, n (%)

	Total	Anti-TNF (n = 27)	Without anti-TNF (n = 38)	P value
Cumulative closure rate	50/65 (76.9%)	18/27 (66.7%)	32/38 (84.2%)	0.098
1-yr	43 (66.2)	17 (63.0)	26 (68.4)
2-yr	48 (73.8)	18 (66.7)	30 (78.9)
3-yr	49 (75.4)	-	31 (81.6)
Closure time (months)	6.94 ± 9.68	4.56 ± 4.37	8.28 ± 11.52	0.195
Cumulative recurrence rate	7/50 (14.0)	3/18 (16.7)	4/32 (12.5)	0.684
1-yr	4 (8.0)	2 (11.1)	2 (6.3)
2-yr	5 (10.0)	3 (16.7)	2 (6.3)
3-yr	7 (14.0)	-	4 (12.5)
Recurrence time (months)	16.57 ± 19.38	7.33 ± 7.77	23.50 ± 23.70	0.316

TNF: Tumor necrotic factor.

Table 3 Patient characteristics and clinical variables between closure and non-closure groups, n (%)

	No closure (n = 15)	Closure (n = 50)	P value
Age, median (IQR) (yr)	28.0 (23.0-33.0)	26.0 (20.8-31.0)	0.433
Sex			0.316
Male	5 (33.3)	24 (48.0)
Female	10 (66.7)	26 (52.0)
Montreal classification
Age at onset			0.227
A1 (≤ 16 yr)	1 (6.7)	10 (20.0)
A2 (17-40 yr)	14 (93.3)	40 (80.0)
A3 (≥ 41 yr)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)
Location			0.285
L1 (Ileum)	4 (26.7)	8 (16.0)
L2 (Colon)	0 (0.0)	6 (12.0)
L3 (Ileocolon)	11 (73.3)	36 (72.0)
Behavior			0.998
B1 (non-stricturing, non-penetrating)	10 (66.7)	33 (66.0)
B2 (stricturing)	3 (20.0)	10 (20.0)
B3 (penetrating)	2 (13.3)	7 (14.0)
Fistula type			0.572
Simple	3 (20.0)	7 (14.0)
Complex	12 (80.0)	43 (86.0)
Multiple fistula	8 (53.3)	14 (28.0)	0.069
Fistula length > 7 cm	6 (40.0)	7 (14.0)	0.027
CDAI, mean ± SD	98.84 ± 54.62	87.01 ± 51.16	0.444
Proctitis	10 (66.7)	15 (30.0)	0.002
Stricture	4 (26.7)	2 (8.0)	0.008
Abscess	2 (13.3)	3 (6.0)	0.350
Recto-vaginal fistula	1 (6.7)	4 (8.0)	0.865
Medical treatment
Immunomodulators	8 (53.3)	31 (62.0)	0.548
Biologics	9 (60.0)	18 (36.0)	0.098
Smoking	0 (0.0)	2 (4.0)	0.733
Previous fistula OP	15 (100.0)	33 (100.0)	1.000
No. previous fistula OP, mean ± SD (times)	4.27 ± 5.06	2.36 ± 1.91	0.173
Disease duration, mean ± SD (yr)	5.53 ± 4.24	6.66 ± 5.29	0.454
Follow-up, mean ± SD (months)	63.87 ± 40.12	66.48 ± 30.52	0.788

IQR: Interquartile range; CDAI: Crohn’s Disease Activity Index; OP: Operation.