Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022.
World J Stem Cells. Jun 26, 2022; 14(6): 372-392
Published online Jun 26, 2022. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i6.372
Table 1 Factors that influence adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secretome content and release[99-101]
Donor
Tissue
Culture conditions
Cell manipulation
SpeciesType (sWAT, vWAT)2D vs 3D (spheroid culture, cell sheets), suspension culturePreconditioning (IFN-γ, TNF-α, LPS)
AgeAnatomic location (abdominal, brachial, mammary)HypoxiaDifferentiation (osteogenic, adipogenic)
BMD (obesity)Method of procurement (lipectomy, liposuction)Plating density, co-culturePhysical factors (electromagnetic fields, pulsed electromagnetic fields)
Disease (T2D, metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophy)Methods of tissue processing, enzymatic digestion, mechanical triturationMedia formulation (serum containing versus serum free, growth factor addition)
Table 2 Clinical trials using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration registered on clinicaltrials.gov (June 2021)
Trial registration
Ref.
Study design
Group/cohort
Intervention
Location
Status
NCT01218945Calcagni[168]Observational/prospectiveOverweight, non-metabolic disease, 17-80 yrTo pre-engineer large synthetic bone grafts and study the vascularization process in vivoUniversity of Zurich, SwitzerlandCompleted December 2012
NCT01532076Saxer and Jakob[169]Allocation: Randomized. Intervention model: Parallel assignment. Masking: Single (outcomes assessor). Primary purpose: TreatmentPatients with osteoporotic fractures, age 18-70 yrCellularized composite graft augmentation liposuction, cell isolation, embedding of SVF cells in fibrin gel, wrapping around hydroxyapatite granules compared to acellular graftsUniversity Hospital, Basel, SwitzerlandTerminated/slow recruitment rate/last update 17 September 2014
NCT01643655Yoon[170]Allocation: N/A. Intervention model: Single group assignment. Masking: None (open label). Primary purpose: TreatmentAvascular necrosis femoral head Steinberg I-III/pre-collapse, age 17-70 yrAutologous adipose tissue-derived MSCs transplantation into the femoral head/infusion of autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Dose: 1 × 108 cells/3 mLR-Bio SMG-SNU Boramae Medical CenterRecruitment completed/last update 31 August 2017
NCT02140528Gourabi et al[171]Allocation: Randomized. Intervention model: Parallel assignment. Masking: Double (participant, investigator). Primary purpose: TreatmentClosed shaft tibial fracture, age 18-65 yrInjection of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell in the site of tibia fracture. Other name: Stem cell transplantation compared to PlaceboRoyan Institute Tehran, IranCompleted/last update 27 April 2017
NCT03269409Sierra[172]Interventional, allocation: Randomized. Intervention model: Parallel assignment. Masking: Quadruple (participant, care provider, investigator, outcomes assessor). Primary purpose: TreatmentPatients with ONFH pre-collapse, non-posttraumatic, 22-70 yr of ageAdipose-derived regenerative cells harvested through autologous liposuction processed using the Celution 800/GP System (Cytori Therapeutics) transplanted into the femoral head after standard of care hip decompression compared to standard decompression and Ringer solutionMayo Clinic, United StatesSuspended (updating study protocol, consent form and study SOP protocol) March 2021
NCT02307435Dilogo[173]Allocation: N/A. Intervention model: Single group assignment. Masking: None (open label). Primary purpose: TreatmentFracture nonunion metaphyseal fibrous defect, age 19-30 yrExperimental: Implantation group implantation group will receive ADSC/UCMASC/BMSCs and HA-CaSO4. Intervention: Biological: MSCUniversity of Indonesia, JakartaUnknown/last update 4 December 2014
NCT03678831Pasquier[174]Observational, case-control prospectiveArthritic post-menopausal patients with knee prosthetic replacementAdipocyte isolation from distal femoral epiphysis and subcutaneous adipose tissue at the surgery site; classical piece removal during prosthetic replacement of the kneeUniversity Hospital, Lille, FranceRecruiting/April 2021
NCT04377880Fodzo[175]Observational studyOsteoporotic patients undergoing total joint arthroplastyOsteoblastic response to medullary adipocytes of commercial origin analysed by gene expression and correlation with clinical data regarding osteoporosis and microtomographyUniversity Hospital, LilleMay 2021