Clinical experience with cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells for cardiovascular applications: A systematic review

Figure 1 Study selection flow diagram (PRISMA chart). RCTs: Randomized controlled trials; Cryo-MSCs: Cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells.

Figure 2 Risk of bias summary and graph. A: Risk of bias summary; B: Risk of bias graph. Symbols: (+) low risk of bias, (?) unclear risk of bias, (-) high risk of bias.

Figure 3 Effect of cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cell therapy on left ventricular ejection fraction sub-grouped according to cell source: Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. A: Change from the baseline to six months of follow-up; B: Change from the baseline to twelve months of follow-up; hUC-MSC: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell; BM-MSC: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell.

Figure 4 Effect of cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cell therapy on left ventricular ejection fraction sub-grouped according to cellular post-thaw viability as > 80% and < 80%. A: Change from the baseline to 6 mo of follow-up; B: Change from the baseline to 12 mo of follow-up. MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; CI: Confidence interval.

Figure 5 Effect of cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cell therapy on 6 min walk distance sub-grouped according to cell source. A and B: Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (A) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (B) cellular post-thaw viability as > 80% and < 80%. MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; CI: Confidence interval; hUC-MSC: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell; BM-MSC: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell.

Figure 6 Odds ratio of the safety outcomes. A: Rehospitalization; B: Mortality; C: Major adverse cardiac events. MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; CI: Confidence interval; hUC-MSC: Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell; BM-MSC: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell.

Figure 7 Odds ratio of the safety outcomes sub-grouped according to post-thaw cellular viability. A: Rehospitalization; B: Mortality; C: Major adverse cardiac events. MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; CI: Confidence interval.