Multiple pretreatments can effectively improve the functionality of mesenchymal stem cells

Figure 1 Multiple treatments to promote the function of mesenchymal stem cells. To enhance the function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) such as proliferation, immunoregulation and the secretion of growth factors, various method such as microRNA and special gene transfection, combination of other stem cells and the treatment of hypoxia/inflammation factors etc. have been tried to use in the MSCs. miRNA: MicroRNA; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor; IFN-γ: interferon-γ; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; PDGF: Platelet derived growth factor; PDGFR: platelet derived growth factor receptor; IGF: Insulin-like growth factor; IGFR: Insulin-like growth factor receptor; DCs: Dendritic cells; NK: Natural killer.