Exosomal microRNAs from mesenchymal stem/stromal cells: Biology and applications in neuroprotection

Figure 1 Neuroprotective pathways regulated by mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomes. A: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomal miR-21; B: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomal miR-17-92; C: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomal miR-133.

Figure 2 Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-138 repressed inflammatory and pro-apoptotic factors, and increased anti-apoptotic and cell cycle markers.

Figure 3 Neuroprotective pathways regulated by exosomal microRNAs. A: Exosomal miR-124; B: Exosomal miR-146a; C: Exosomal miR-29.

Figure 4 Exosomal miR-30 regulated autophagy-mediated brain injury by promoting anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage polarization and suppressing pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) polarization.

Figure 5 Neuroprotective effects and therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-derived exosomal miRNAs for neurological disorder disease models.