修回日期: 2004-07-25
接受日期: 2004-07-31
在线出版日期: 2004-08-15
目的: 探讨血清肿瘤坏死因子-α水平与急性胰腺炎肝损害的关系.
方法: 急性胰腺炎组63 (男44例, 女19例), 正常对照组30 (男20名, 女10名), 应用7600-020型自动分析仪(日本日立)测定治疗前后血清白蛋白、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、总胆红素(STB)水平, 应用放射免疫分析法测定治疗前后血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平.
结果: 在63例急性胰腺炎中, 合并肝损害38例(60.3%); 45例轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)有21例发生肝损害(发生率46.7%), 18例重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)有17例发生肝损害(94.4%). 肝损害的表现: AST升高31例(MAP 14例, SAP 17例), ALT升高31例(MAP 14例, SAP 17例), ALP升高18例(MAP 5例, SAP 13例), STB升高29例(MAP 13例, SAP 16例). 与MAP患者比较, 治疗前SAP患者的血清白蛋白明显降低(P<0.01), 血清AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α水平显著增高(P<0.01). 治疗后SAP患者血清白蛋白升高(P<0.05), MAP和SAP血清AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α水平均明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01), SAP组的AST, ALT, TNF-α仍明显高于MAP组(P<0.01). 急性胰腺炎肝损伤组和非肝损伤组的TNF-α水平在治疗前均显著高于对照组(P<0.01), 治疗后均明显低于治疗前(P<0.01), 且与对照组比较无显著差异. 治疗前肝损伤组的TNF-α明显高于非肝损伤组(P<0.01), 治疗后二者之间无显著性差异. MAP肝损伤患者和SAP肝损伤患者的TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组, 治疗后TNF-α水平均低于治疗前(P<0.01), 但SAP患者仍高于对照组(P<0.01), 而MAP组已接近正常. 急性胰腺炎肝损伤患者的血清TNF-α水平与血清AST、ALT正相关(r = 0.68, P<0.01; r = 0.64, P<0.01), 与碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素无相关性.
结论: 急性胰腺炎的肝脏损害发生率较高, SAP肝损伤的发生率明显高于MAP, 急性胰腺炎肝损伤患者血清TNF-α水平明显升高, 且升高程度与病情严重程度正相关.
引文著录: 王学清, 王颖, 张卫卫, 田丰, 李岩. 急性胰腺炎肝损害与血清肿瘤坏死因子-α的水平. 世界华人消化杂志 2004; 12(8): 1986-1988
Revised: July 25, 2004
Accepted: July 31, 2004
Published online: August 15, 2004
N/A
- Citation: N/A. N/A. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2004; 12(8): 1986-1988
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1009-3079/full/v12/i8/1986.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.11569/wcjd.v12.i8.1986
急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis, AP)是临床常见的急腹症之一, 能引起胰腺外多种脏器损害. AP引起肝脏损害不但可加重AP病情, 而且直接影响其预后, 甚至可发展成肝功能衰竭, 导致患者死亡. 近年来研究认为除胰酶、内毒素等在AP的发病中起重要作用外, 一些炎症递质也参与了发病过程, 并对病情的发展和转归有影响[1-6]. 我们旨在研究AP患者的血清肿瘤坏死因子-α水平的变化, 探讨其与AP肝损害的关系.
2000-2002年收治发病72 h以内AP患者63(男44, 女19)例, 平均年龄45.3(17-75岁), 其中轻症急性胰腺炎(mild acute pancreatitis, MAP)45例, 重症急性胰腺炎(severe acute pancreatitis, SAP)18例, 正常对照组30(男20名, 女10名), 平均年龄38(25-52岁).
患者于治疗前及治疗后1 wk晨起空腹采集肘静脉血, 4 ℃离心(3 000 r/min)分离血清, -20 ℃贮存.应用7600-020型自动分析仪(日本日立)测定血清白蛋白(ALB)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和总胆红素(STB)水平, 血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平应用放射免疫分析法测定, 试剂购自于北京北方生物技术研究所. 实验数据均以均数北曜疾頼ean±SD)表示, 统计分析采用t检验和直线相关分析.
在63例AP中, 合并肝损害38例(60.3%); 其中45例MAP中有21例发生肝损害(46.7%), 18例SAP有17例发生肝损害(94.4%). 肝损害的表现: AST升高31例(MAP 14例, SAP 17例), ALT升高31例(MAP 14例, SAP 17例), ALP升高18例(MAP 5例, SAP 13例), STB升高29例(MAP 13例, SAP 16例).
与MAP患者比较, 治疗前SAP患者的血清白蛋白明显降低(P<0.01), 血清AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α水平显著增高(P<0.01). 治疗后SAP患者血清白蛋白升高(P<0.05), MAP和SAP 血清AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α水平均明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01), SAP组的AST, ALT, TNF-α仍明显高于MAP组 (P<0.01, 表1-2).
指标 | 治疗前 | 治疗后1 wk | ||
MAP | SAP | MAP | SAP | |
ALB (g/L) | 41.5±4.4 | 33.1±9.4b | 42.0±4.1 | 38.3±9.5c |
AST (U/L) | 37.3±30.1 | 156.2±116.6b | 27.9±10.7c | 50.9±35.3bd |
ALT (U /L) | 42.9±31.8 | 198.5±175.4b | 31.6±9.9c | 60.4±37.6bd |
ALP (U /L) | 74.9±38.9 | 131.0±48.8b | 65.6±17.8 | 68.3±22.3d |
STB (Umol/L) | 17.4±9.5 | 40.5±49.1b | 14.0±3.4c | 12.7±4.1d |
TNF-α(pmol/L) | 19.1±5.0 | 35.8±10.2b | 13.8±2.2d | 17.2±4.2bd |
AP肝损伤组和非肝损伤组的TNF-α水平在治疗前均显著高于对照组(P<0.01), 治疗后均明显下降(P<0.01), 且与对照组比较无显著差异. 治疗前肝损伤组的TNF-α明显高于非肝损伤组(P<0.01), 治疗后二者之间无显著性差异. MAP肝损伤组和SAP肝损伤组的TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组, 治疗后TNF-α水平均降低(P<0.01), 但SAP组仍高于对照组(P<0.01), 而MAP组已接近正常.
AP肝损伤患者的血清TNF-α水平与血清AST, ALT正相关(r = 0.68, P<0.01; r = 0.64, P<0.01). 与碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素无相关性.
AP是一种多系统疾病, 病变不但发生在胰腺, 而且也发生在肝、肾、肺等器官, 尽管肝脏具有强大的功能代偿作用和再生能力, 肝功能紊乱仍是SAP进展中的严重且常常是致死性的并发症之一.能否合理有效地治疗这些并发症直接关系到胰腺炎的治疗效果及预后.我们研究发现MAP肝脏损害发生率60.3%, SAP肝脏损害发生率94.4%, 治疗前SAP患者的血清ALB, AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α水平与MAP患者比较有显著差异, 治疗后两组的AST, ALT, ALP, STB, TNF-α明显下降, 但是治疗后SAP组的AST, ALT, TNF-α仍明显高于MAP组, 说明MAP的肝脏损害发生率低、程度轻, 而SAP的肝脏损害发生率高, 肝脏损害严重, 肝细胞损害的程度与胰腺炎的程度正相关.
AP的肝损伤发生机制与解剖因素、蛋白酶、细胞凋亡、细胞因子等多种因素有关, 并且肝脏的损伤在AP引起的多系统损伤尤其是肺脏的损伤中起一定的作用[7-19]. 目前认为TNF-α是导致胰腺炎时胰腺及胰腺外器官组织损伤的重要细胞因子, 他的血中水平与病情的严重程度有关. TNF-α的产生过多往往表示病情危重, 其与败血症、感染性休克和多器官衰竭等的病理生理过程及预后密切相关[7]. 大量的临床研究和动物实验证实, SAP时血浆TNF-α含量升高, 同时TNF-αmRNA在肝组织中的表达升高, 并与疾病的严重程度及最终的死亡率呈正相关. Miyahara et al[20] 通过肠系膜上动脉灌注抗生素抑制内毒素移位, 减少枯否细胞激活产生的TNF-α而缓解肝损伤. Gloor et al[21]发现TNF-α在AP的早期对肝脏即产生了损害作用, 在SAP发病以至演变为MOF过程中, TNF-α可单独起作用, 用钆阻滞肝枯否细胞产生TNF-α, 可控制胰腺及胰腺外器官炎症, 降低鼠重症胰腺炎模型的死亡率. 我们的研究结果表明, 在AP发病的初期, 其TNF-α水平明显升高, 且升高程度与病情严重程度成正比, 随着病情的缓解, TNF-α水平逐渐下降到接近正常人水平, 其下降程度与病情严重程度有关, 病情越重, 下降越慢.外周血TNF-α水平的测定可以作为AP早期诊断和判断病情严重程度和预后的重要指标.
AP并发肝脏损害是多因素共同作用的结果, 其中TNF-α起着核心的作用. TNF-α和其他炎症因子、凋亡、蛋白酶参与肝脏的损伤过程, 而且肝脏损伤直接影响了其他脏器如肺的损伤, 外周血TNF-α水平的测定可以作为AP肝损伤早期诊断和判断病情发展的指标.
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