Comparative evaluation of immune response after laparoscopical and open total mesorectal excisions with anal sphincter preservation in patients with rectal cancer

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients (mean ± SD)

	LTME n = 20	OTME n = 25	P value
Age (year)	61.60 ± 8.44	57.96 ± 10.70	0.213
Sex (n)			> 0.05
M	9	16
F	11	9
TP (g/L)	69.36 ± 5.14	71.55 ± 8.23	0.298
Alb (g/L)	41.70 ± 4.16	43.36 ± 4.49	0.199
Hb (g/L)	123.05 ± 14.43	125.18 ± 15.14	0.627
Weight (kg)	58.45 ± 7.86	59.88 ± 10.85	0.619
Duke’s classification (n)			> 0.05
A	10	6
B	4	7
C1	3	7
C2	3	5
Underlying diseases (n)			> 0.05
Diabetes mellitus	1	0
Hypertension	1	1
Anemia	0	2

Table 2 Surgical treatment of patients

	LTME n = 20	OTME n = 25	P value
Operating time (min)	226.75 ± 46.15	146.40 ± 38.09	0.000b
Time of first passing flatus (day)	3.15 ± 1.14	4.36 ± 1.19	0.001b
Time of removing urinary catheter (day)	7.35 ± 2.18	6.28 ± 1.59	0.065
Duration of hospital stay (day)	18.30 ± 4.28	18.04 ± 5.47	0.863
Distance of tumor from anal margin (cm)	8.35 ± 3.72	7.00 ± 3.93	0.247

^bP < 0.01 vs open group.

Table 3 Preoperative immune indicators of two groups (mean ± SD)

	LTME n = 20	OTME n = 25	P value
CD3+ CD56+ T (%)	4.56 ± 5.08	3.74 ± 4.19	0.556
CD3- CD56+ NK (%)	20.87 ± 13.76	25.41 ± 16.79	0.335
IgG (g/L)	11.50 ± 2.41	12.61 ± 2.90	0.178
IgM (mg/L)	1407.40 ± 420.27	1582.40 ± 735.41	0.350
IgA (mg/L)	2726.40 ± 2 048.28	2380.16 ± 928.99	0.454
IL-2 (ng/L)	85.20 ± 303.81	128.30 ± 387.12	0.686
IL-6 (ng/L)	88.70 ± 231.52	49.06 ± 81.63	0.429
TNFα(ng/L)	7.69 ± 5.71	12.99 ± 26.61	0.387

Table 4 Changes of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF_α after surgery in two groups (mean ± SD)

		LTME n = 20	OTME n = 25	P value
IL-2(ng/L)	d1	-80.54 ± 304.30	-98.82 ± 412.38	0.869
	d5	-27.55 ± 344.29	-33.59 ± 560.20	0.967
IL-6(ng/L)	d1	-23.14 ± 263.97	27.38 ± 129.14	0.405
	d5	-40.08 ± 272.03	21.67 ± 234.31	0.418
TNFα (ng/L)	d1	2.23 ± 12.78	-1.01 ± 7.82	0.301
	d5	1.84 ± 12.84	0.56 ± 9.86	0.705

(d₁ = the differences of the values of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF_α on the first postoperative day subtracted those before operation, respectively. d₅ = the differences of the values of IL-2, IL-6 and TNF_α on the fifth postoperative day subtracted those before operation, respectively).

Table 5 Changes of CD3⁺ CD56⁺ T lymphocyte count, CD3^-CD56⁺ NK count, and serum immunoglobulin after surgery in two groups (mean ± SD)

	LTME n = 20	OTME n = 25	P value
CD3+ CD56+ T lymphocyte (%)	-0.79 ± 3.83	0.42 ± 2.09	0.214
CD3- CD56+ NK (%)	-7.23 ± 11.33	-9.21 ± 13.93	0.609
IgG (g/L)	-2.56 ± 2.14	-1.81 ± 2.10	0.248
IgM (mg/L)	-252.35 ± 392.94	-282.72 ± 356.75	0.787
IgA (mg/L)	-506.15 ± 912.24	-252.20 ± 396.28	0.216

Numbers listed were the differences of the values of CD3⁺ CD56⁺ T lymphocyte count, CD3^- CD56⁺ NK count, and serum IgG, IgM, IgA on the fifth postoperative day subtracted those before operation, respectively.