Diagnostic value of platelet derived growth factor-BB, transforming growth factor-β1, matrix metalloproteinase-1, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells for hepatic fibrosis

Table 1 Comparison of the serum level of PDGF-BB, TGF-β₁, TIMP-1, MMP-1 and TIMP-1/MMP-1 between patients and healthy blood donors (¯x±s)

Group (n)	PDGF-BB (n g/L)	TGF-β1 ( μg/L)	TIMP-1 ( μg/L)	MMP-1 ( μg/L)	TIMP-1/ MMP-1
Patients	67.75 ± 30.08b	31.41 ± 23.22	258.87 ± 77.75a	6.05 ± 4.44	83.66 ± 100.36b
Controls	19.85 ± 10.28	26.28 ± 16.69	205.80 ± 35.66	7.98 ± 3.13	31.95 ± 20.03
t	11.435	0.912	2.646	-1.79	3.176
P	0.000	0.365	0.01	0.077	0.002

There was a statistically significant difference as compared with the control group

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01.

Table 2 Comparison of the serum level of MMP-1 and TGF-β₁ between patients at different fibrosis stages, inflammation grades, and with different severities of the disease and the healthy controls (¯x±s)

Group (n)	MMP-1 ( μg/L)	TGF-β1 ( μg/L)
Controls (20)	7.98 ± 3.13	26.28 ± 16.69
S2 (16)	6.34 ± 2.96	31.66 ± 18.01
S3 (31)	6.80 ± 5.34	34.19 ± 26.23
S4 (13)	3.93 ± 2.93ac	25.16 ± 20.90
G2 (2)	7.66 ± 0.36	18.25 ± 6.01
G3 (28)	6.41 ± 4.91	31.89 ± 21.61
G4 (30)	5.61 ± 4.15a	32.14 ± 25.25
Mild disease (28)	6.56 ± 3.66	34.39 ± 24.43
Severe disease (32)	5.61 ± 5.05	29.08 ± 21.97

There was a statistically significant difference as compared with the control group

^aP < 0.05, and a statistically significant differ-ence as compared with S2 group

^cP < 0.05.

Table 3 Comparison of TIMP-1mRNA, MMP-1mRNA and TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA in PBMCs between patients and healthy controls (¯x±s)

Group (n)	TIMP-1mRNA	MMP-1mRNA	TIMP-1mRNA/ MMP-1mRNA
Patients (60)	1.05 ± 0.69b	0.39 ± 0.36	4.77 ± 3.78a
Controls (20)	0.40 ± 0.19	0.24 ± 0.11	1.71 ± 0.89
t	2.934	0.741	2.514
P	0.005	0.462	0.016

There was a statistically significant difference compared with the control group

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01.

Table 5 ROC curve analysis of nine indices

Index	AUC	P	Cut-off point	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	YI
PDGF-BB	0.985	0.000	≥40.50 ng/L	90.0	95.0	0.850
TIMP-1mRNA	0.876	0.000	≥0.79	73.7	100	0.737
TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA	0.792	0.005	≥3.20	65.8	100	0.658
TIMP-1/MMP-1	0.748	0.001	≥34.69	70.0	75.0	0.450
HA	0.728	0.003	≥145.20 μg/L	62.0	87.5	0.497
PCIII	0.727	0.004	≥137.40 mg/L	59.2	81.2	0.404
TIMP-1	0.726	0.003	≥254.00 μg/L	46.7	95.0	0.417
CIV	0.583	0.287	≥74.20 mg/L	55.1	68.7	0.238
LN	0.463	0.636	≥156.65 μg/L	37.8	75.0	0.128

YI (Youden Index) = sensitivity + specificity-1.

Table 6 Parameters of the combined diagnosis in the parallel test

Combined indices	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + PDGF-BB	99.0	95.0
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA + HA	99.0	83.1
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + PDGF-BB + HA	99.6	83.1
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	98.7	83.1
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA	97.4	95.0
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	97.0	87.5
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA	96.6	95.0
PDGF-BB + HA	96.0	83.1
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA	91.0	100
TIMP-1mRNA + HA	90.0	87.5
TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	87.0	87.5

Table 7 Parameters of the combined diagnosis in the serial test

Combined indices	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA	66.3	100
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA	59.2	100
PDGF-BB + HA	56.0	99.4
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA	48.5	100
TIMP-1mRNA + HA	45.7	100
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA + HA	41.1	100
TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	40.8	100
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + PDGF-BB	40.4	100
PDGF-BB + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	36.7	100
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + HA	30.1	100
TIMP-1mRNA + TIMP-1mRNA/MMP-1mRNA + PDGF-BB + HA	27.1	100