A clinical evaluation of serological diagnosis for pancreatic cancer

Table 1 Sensitivity and specificity of a single test of tumor markers for pancreatic cancer

Groups	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
POA	67.80	88.50
mPOA	74.36	95.6
PCAAc	68.70	96.49
PaA	78.79	89.40
HPE1	66.67	83.25
E1	62.50	66.67
CA19-9	70.97	90.63
GPDA	42.12	68.42
RNase	80.80	80.00
RNase I	45.00	94.28
RNase II	25.00	97.14
α1AT	50.00	74.28
CEA	25.00	85.71

Table 2 Results of single test of tumor markers

Groups	Normal control	Pancreatic cancer	Non-pancreaticmali gnancy	Pancreatitis
POA (U/mL)	84.80 ± 13.96 (1/40)	252.5 ± 164.33 (19/28)	136.37 ± 93.63 (9/62)	101.98 ± 57.88 (1/15)
mPOA (mg/L)	4.88 ± 1.96 (2/40)	18.45 ± 10.57 (29/39)	6.24 ± 3.82 (5/62)	4.69 ± 1.52 (0/17)
PCAAc (mg/L)	12.59 ± 6.34 (1/40)	57.25 ± 82.93 (23/33)	12.64 ± 5.14 (3/49)	13.53 ± 9.91 (0/14)
PaA (μg/L)	13.05 ± 3.84 (3/64)	61.54 ± 45.59 (26/33)	17.62 ± 10.31 (5/44)	21.35 ± 11.83 (3/20)
HPE1 (μg/L)	23.80 ± 3.40 (1/82)	83.30 ± 73.40 (62/93)	48.93 ± 54.63 (26/63)	124.90 ± 168.30 (25/35)
E1 (ng/dL)	276.60 ± 85.36 (0/10)	1116.00 ± 1281.00 (10/16)	1321.00 ± 2842.00 (9/13)
CA19-9 (U/L)	7.90 ± 9.74 (2/81)	165.40 ± 128.03 (19/31)	139.88 ± 121.72 (6/15)
GPDA (U/L)	54.84 ± 10.80 (0/60)	101.02 ± 75.84 (14/33)	64.89 ± 72.64 (27/69)	50.94 ± 15.50 (2/25)
RNase (U/mL)	58.19 ± 11.09 (1/30)	92.22 ± 19.66 (16/20)	65.88 ± 12.32 (5/20)	67.95 ± 9.77 (2/15)
RNase I (U/mL)	9.53 ± 13.43 (1/30)	39.09 ± 39.31 (9/20)	9.23 ± 8.98 (1/20)	11.87 ± 11.30 (1/15)
RNase II (U/mL)	50.75 ± 13.36 (0/30)	52.78 ± 29.68 (5/20)	56.89 ± 16.82 (0/20)	60.17 ± 19.55 (1/15)
α1AT (mg/L)	30.51 ± 6.35 (1/30)	49.86 ± 18.47 (10/20)	38.65 ± 16.30 (6/20)	39.23 ± 10.02 (3/15)
CEA (mg/L)	11.15 ± 2.95 (1/20)	16.82 ± 10.26 (5/20)	15.73 ± 11.98 (5/20)	10.22 ± 3.42 (0/15)

Table 3 The relationship between the tests of tumor markers and the location, size or differentiation of pancreatic cancer

Groups	Location			Size			Differentiation
	Head	Body or tail	Entire	< 5.0 cm	5 cm-9.0 cm	< 9.0 cm	Well & moderate	Poor & un-differentiated
POA	9/11 (81.82)	3/6 (50.00)	1/3 (33.33)	4/8 (50.00)	8/10 (80.00)	1/2 (50.00)
mPOA	22/27 (81.48)	5/9 (55.56)	2/3 (66.67)	5/5 (100.00)	14/19 (73.68)	10/15 (66.67)	10/10 (100.00)	9/13 (69.23)
PCAAc	17/22 (77.27)	4/9 (44.44)	1/2 (50.55)	3/4 (75.00)	9/13 (69.23)	3/6 (50.00)	5/5 (100.00)	2/4 (50.00)
PaA	16/22 (72.73)	10/11 (90.91)	2/2 (100.00)	4/4 (100.00)	12/15 (80.00)	6/10 (60.00)	8/8 (100.00)	4/5 (80.00)
E1	14/17 (82.35)	2/6 (33.33)	2/3 (66.67)	6/8 (75.00)	4/10 (40.00)	1/2 (50.00)	3/6 (50.00)	2/4 (50.00)
HPE1	35/41 (85.37)	20/35 (57.14)	7/17 (41.18)	40/51 (78.43)	15/25 (60.00)	7/17 (41.18)	43/60 (71.67)	19/33 (57.58)
GPDA	14/22 (63.64)	0/9 (0.00)	0/2 (0.00)	8/17 (47.06)	3/7 (42.86)	3/7 (42.86)	4/7 (57.14)	1/4 (25.00)
RNase	31/41 (75.61)	24/35 (68.23)	15/17 (88.23)	20/29 (68.96)	19/25 (76.00)	15/17 (88.24)	46/ 60 (76.67)	24/33 (72.72)
CA19-9	10/17 (58.82)	6/8 (75.00)	6/6 (100.00)	7/15 (46.67)	9/12 (75.00)	4/4 (100.00)	8/9 (88.89)	8/8 (100.00)

Table 4 Results of simultaneous detection of four tumor markers

Groups	Pancreatic cancer (n = 30)	Non-pancreatic malignancy (n = 43)	Benign diseases (n = 21)
All the tests negative	0 (0.00)	17 (39.54)	18 (85.71)
Single test positive	4 (12.90)	21 (48.83)	3 (14.29)
Double tests positive	6 (19.36)	5 (11.63)	0 (0.00)
Three tests positive	16 (51.61)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)
All the tests positive	5 (16.13)	0 (0.00)	0 (0.00)