Intraprocedural gastric juice analysis as compared to rapid urease test for real-time detection of Helicobacter pylori

Table 1 Demographic, endoscopic and histopathological characteristics of the patients included in the study, n (%)

Characteristics	Value
Overall	161
Male	82 (50.9)
Female	79 (49.1)
Age, mean ± SD (range) yr	54.8 ± 19.2 (19-90)
H. pylori positive	47 (29.2)
H. pylori negative	114 (70.8)
Patients without PPI therapy	94 (58.4)
Male	46 (48.9)
Female	48 (51.1)
Age, mean ± SD (range) yr	50.3 ± 19.2 (19-86)
H. pylori positive	37 (39.4)
H. pylori negative	57 (60.6)
Patients with PPI therapy	67 (41.6)
Male	36 (53.7)
Female	31 (46.3)
Age, mean ± SD (range) yr	58.9 ± 19.2 (23-90)
H. pylori positive	10 (14.9)
H. pylori negative	57 (85.1)
Endoscopic and histopathological findings1
Normal	13 (8.1)
Gastroesophageal reflux disease	26 (16.1)
Chronic gastritis	84 (52.2)
Erosive gastritis	32 (19.9)
Gastric ulcer	5 (3.1)
Duodenal ulcer	3 (1.9)
Gastritis with low-grade PL	36 (22.4)
Gastritis with high-grade PL	4 (2.5)
Others2	6 (3.7)

¹Different conditions may coexist. Precancerous lesions include gastric atrophy and/or intestinal metaplasia, assessed according to the Operative Link on Gastritis Assessment (OLGA) and Operative Link on Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia systems (low grade if OLGA/IM < 3, high grade if OLGA/IM ≥ 3)[23,24].

²“Others” include patients with gastric cancer (n = 1), gastric lymphoma (n = 1), Barrett’s esophagus (n = 2), gastric hyperplastic polyps (n = 1) and gastric neuroendocrine tumors (n = 1).

H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; PPI: Proton pump inhibitors.

Table 2 Diagnostic performance of the Endofaster^® and rapid urease test (ProntoDry^®) for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in the study cohort, % (95%CI)

	Endofaster			Rapid urease test
	Overall	No PPI	Ongoing PPI therapy	Overall	No PPI	Ongoing PPI therapy
Sensitivity	91.5 (79.6-97.6)	97.3 (85.8-99.9)	70.0 (34.8-93.3)	93.6 (82.5-98.7)	97.3 (85.8-99.9)	80.0 (44.4-97.5)
Specificity	93.0 (84.6-96.9)	96.5 (87.9-99.6)	89.5 (78.5-96.0)	99.1 (95.2-100)	100 (93.7-100)	98.3 (90.6-100)
PPV	84.3 (73.3-91.3)	94.7 (82.2-98.6)	53.9 (33.1-73.4)	97.8 (86.2-99.7)	100 (-)	88.9 (52.8-98.3)
NPV	96.4 (91.2-98.6)	98.2 (88.8-99.7)	94.4 (86.8-97.8)	97.4 (92.7-99.1)	98.3 (89.2-99.8)	96.6 (89.0-99.0)
Accuracy	92.6 (87.3-96.1)	96.8 (91.0-99.3)	86.6 (76.0-93.7)	97.5 (93.8-99.3)	98.9 (94.2-100)	95.5 (87.5-99.1)

Overall (n = 161), in patients with ongoing proton pump inhibitors (PPI) therapy (n = 67) and in patients without PPI therapy (n = 94). Values are shown as percentages with 95%CI. PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value.