A new scoring system to evaluate adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with T2N0M0 gastric cancer after D2 gastrectomy

Table 1 Clinicopathologic variables of 325 T2N0M0 gastric cancer patients

Variable	Overall	Adjuvant chemotherapy group	Postoperative observation group	P value
	325	63	262
Age (yr) n (%)				0.609
< 40	20 (6.2)	3 (4.8)	17 (6.5)
≥ 40	305 (93.8)	60 (95.2)	245 (93.5)
Sex, n (%)				0.878
Male	250 (76.9)	48 (76.2)	202 (77.1)
Female	75 (23.1)	15 (23.8)	60 (22.9)
Smoking history, n (%)				0.363
Yes	169 (52.0)	36 (57.1)	133 (50.8)
No	156 (48.0)	27 (42.9)	129 (49.2)
Family history of gastric cancer, n (%)				0.852
Yes	24 (7.4)	5 (7.9)	19 (7.3)
No	301 (92.6)	58 (92.1)	243 (92.7)
BMI, n (%)				0.150
< 18.5 or > 23.9	176 (54.2)	29 (46.0)	147 (56.1)
18.5-23.9	149 (45.8)	34 (54.0)	115 (43.9)
Postoperative hospital stay, n (%)				0.747
≤ 14 d	285 (87.7)	56 (88.9)	229 (87.4)
> 14 d	40 (12.3)	7 (11.1)	33 (12.6)
Tumor site, n (%)				0.004
Cardia cancer	105 (32.3)	30 (47.6)	75 (28.6)
Non-cardia gastric cancer	220 (67.7)	33 (52.4)	187 (71.4)
The degree of differentiation, n (%)				0.571
Poorly differentiated	121 (37.2)	24 (38.1)	97 (37.0)
Moderately differentiated	178 (54.8)	36 (57.1)	142 (54.2)
Highly differentiated	26 (8.0)	3 (4.8)	23 (8.8)
Vascular invasion, n (%)				0.014
Yes	54 (16.6)	17 (27.0)	37 (14.1)
No	271 (83.4)	46 (73.0)	225 (85.9)

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Univariate Cox Proportional Hazards Modeling for overall survival

Clinicopathological features	HR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.278 (0.066-1.172)	P = 0.081
Smoking history
Yes	Reference
No	0.605 (0.276-1.323)	P = 0.208
Family history of gastric cancer
Yes	Reference
No	0.550 (0.075-4.057)	P = 0.558
BMI
18.5-23.9	Reference
> 23.9 or < 18.5	2.509 (1.060-5.937)	P = 0.036
Postoperative hospital stay
≤ 14 d	Reference
> 14 d	0.990 (0.298-3.292)	P = 0.987
Tumor site
Cardia cancer	Reference
Non-cardia gastric cancer	0.411 (0.192-0.878)	P = 0.022
The degree of differentiation
Poorly differentiated	Reference
Moderately differentiated	1.330 (0.574-3.082)	P = 0.507
Highly differentiated	0.857 (0.182-4.043)	P = 0.846
Vascular invasion
Yes	Reference
No	0.097 (0.044-0.212)	P < 0.001

BMI: Body mass index; HR: Hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 3 Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazards Modeling for overall survival

Clinicopathological features	HR (95%CI)	P value
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.390 (0.076-1.988)	P = 0.257
Smoking history
Yes	Reference
No	0.725 (0.308-1.710)	P = 0.463
Family history of gastric cancer
Yes	Reference
No	0.495 (0.058-4.224)	P = 0.521
BMI
18.5-23.9	Reference
> 23.9 or < 18.5	1.848 (0.760-4.490)	P = 0.175
Postoperative hospital stay
≤ 14 d	Reference
> 14 d	1.198 (0.350-4.100)	P = 0.960
Tumor site
Cardia cancer	Reference
Non-cardia gastric cancer	0.620 (0.277-1.390)	P = 0.246
The degree of differentiation
Poorly differentiated	Reference
Moderately differentiated	0.517 (0.206-1.300)	P = 0.161
Highly differentiated	0.390 (0.077-1.960)	P = 0.305
Vascular invasion
Yes	Reference
No	0.106 (0.045-0.246)	P < 0.001

HR: Hazard ratio; 95%CI: 95% confidence interval.

Table 4 Five-year survival rates of different groups

	Group	n	5-year survival rate	Log rank test
All patients				P = 0.676
	Adjuvant chemotherapy	63	96%
	Postoperative observation	262	90%
Risk score				P < 0.001
	Score 0 group	98	92%
	Score 1 group	152	95%
	Score 2 group	69	80%
	Score 3 group	6	50%
Score 0 group				P = 0.825
	Adjuvant chemotherapy	13	92%
	Postoperative observation	85	92%
Score 1 group				P = 0.308
	Adjuvant chemotherapy	22	92%
	Postoperative observation	130	96%
Score 2-3 group				P = 0.021
	Adjuvant chemotherapy	28	95%
	Postoperative observation	47	61%

Table 5 Distribution of three different risk factors in each score group

	BMI < 18.5 or > 23.9	Vascular invasion	Cardia cancer
All	149	54	105
Score 0 group	0	0	0
Score 1 group	92	15	45
Score 2 group	51	33	54
Score 3 group	6	6	6

BMI: Body mass index.