Addition of statins to the standard treatment in patients with cirrhosis: Safety and efficacy

Table 1 Statins, cirrhosis decompensation, hepatocellular carcinoma and mortality

Ref.	Groups, n	Follow up	Risk reduction
Mohanty et al[50], 2016	Statins 1323; Nonusers 12522	Approximately 2.5 yr for statin; Approximately 2.5 yr for nonusers	Cirrhosis decompensation and mortality
Huang et al[51], 2016	Statins 6543; Nonusers 6543	4.7 yr for statins; 4.6 yr for nonusers	Cirrhosis decompensation
Chang et al[52], 2017	Statins 1174; Nonusers 6453	Approximately 3.0 yr	Cirrhosis decompensation, HCC, and mortality
Kumar et al[53], 2014	Statins 81; Nonusers 162	Approximately 3.0 yr for statin; Approximately 1.5 yr for nonusers	Cirrhosis decompensation and mortality
Bang et al[54], 2017	Statins 794; Nonusers 4623	Approximately 4.0 yr	Cirrhosis decompensation and mortality

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma.

Table 2 Statins and portal hypertension

Ref.	Groups	n	Endpoints	Outcomes
Abraldes et al[16], 2009	SVT; Placebo	27; 28	Change in HVPG	HVPG decreased in SVT from 18.5 to 17.1, P = 0.003; no decrease in placebo
Pollo-Flores et al[38], 2015	SVT; Placebo	14; 20	Change in HVPG	HVPG decreased in SVT vs placebo: -2 vs 0 mmHg, P = 0.02
Bishnu et al[39], 2018	ATV + NSBBs; NSBBs	11; 12	Change in HVPG	HVPG decreased in ATV + NSBBs -4.8 vs NSBBs -2.6 mmHg, P = 0.041
Abraldes et al[40], 2016	SVT; Placebo	69; 78	Composite endpoint (rebleeding or death)	Non-significant decrease in risk of rebleeding or death; decrease in mortality HR = 0.39, P = 0.030 in SVT vs placebo
Wani et al[56], 2017	CVL; CVL + SVT	101; 35	Change in HVPG	HVPG decreased 62% in CVL and 16% in CVL + SVT (CVL non-responders)

ATV: Atorvastatin; NSBBs: Non-selective β-blockers; CVL: Carvedilol; HR: Hazard ratio; HVPG: Hepatic venous pressure gradient; SVT: Simvastatin.