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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 7, 2019; 25(37): 5578-5589
Published online Oct 7, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i37.5578
Table 1  H. pylori adhesion molecules
AdhesinFunctionsRef.
BabASpecific binding to the b and H-1 Lewis antigens from the surface of the gastric epithelial cells[105]
SabABinding to Lex, which is upregulated in gastric epithelial cells by H. pylori after initial colonization mediated by BabA. Also allows the adherence of the bacterium to laminin, an extracellular matrix protein[106,107]
AlpA and AlpBMediation of adherence to gastric mucosal cells and promotion of inflammatory intracellular signaling cascades (might induce IL-8 and IL-6)[108]
OipAAdhesion to the gastric mucosa cells and promotion of proinflammatory environment (associated with IL-8 increase, mucosal damage and duodenal ulcer)[109]
HopQInteraction with CEACAM family proteins of gastric mucosal cells, allowing CagA translocation. Might inhibits the activity of natural killer cells and T cells[110]
HopZInteraction with undeterm ined receptors, promoting adhesion to gastric cells[111]
Table 2 Preliminary effects of developing vaccines against Helicobacter pylori infection
VaccineProphylacticTherapeutic
EpiVax/Helicobacter pylori vaccineYesYes
Helicovaxor®YesNo
Imevax/IMX101YesNo
Wuhu Kangwei Biological TechnologyYesNo