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©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Gastroenterol. Apr 14, 2019; 25(14): 1684-1696
Published online Apr 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1684
Published online Apr 14, 2019. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1684
Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 43 patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas
Clinicopathological feature | n (%) |
Age (yr) | |
< 60/≥ 60 | 15 (34.88)/28 (65.12) |
mean ± SD | 62.26 ± 10.46 |
Gender | |
Male/female | 35 (81.40)/8 (18.60) |
Tumor location | |
Cardia | 21 (48.84) |
Corpus | 10 (23.26) |
Antrum | 10 (23.26) |
Residual stomach anastomosis | 2 (4.65) |
Tumor size (max diameter, cm) | |
≤ 5/> 5 | 20 (46.51)/23 (53.49) |
mean ± SD | 5.47 ± 3.18 |
T classification | |
T1/T2/T3/T4 | 0 (0)/4 (9.30)/0 (0)/39 (90.70) |
Lymph node metastasis | |
N0/N1 | 12 (27.91)/31 (72.09) |
Liver metastasis | |
Absent/present | 37 (86.05)/6 (13.95) |
Pathological stage | |
I/II/III/IV | 0 (0)/2 (4.65)/35 (81.40)/6 (13.95) |
Pathology | |
Small cell carcinomas | 39 (90.70) |
Large cell carcinomas | 4 (9.30) |
Operation | |
Curative resection | 38 (88.37) |
Palliative resection | 5 (11.63) |
Neoadjuvant therapy | |
No/present | 100 (100)/0 (0) |
Follow-up | |
Median OS (mo) | 31.0 |
Table 2 Relationship between clinical characteristics and immune markers
Low CD8 n (%) | High CD8 n (%) | P-value | Low FOXP3 n (%) | High FOXP3 n (%) | P-value | Low PD-1 n (%) | High PD-1 n (%) | P-value | Low PD-L1 n (%) | High PD-L1 n (%) | P-value | ||
Age (yr) | |||||||||||||
< 60 | 7 | 8 | 0.835 | 11 | 4 | 0.019 | 9 | 6 | 0.284 | 7 | 8 | 0.666 | |
≥ 60 | 14 | 14 | 10 | 18 | 12 | 16 | 15 | 13 | |||||
Gender | |||||||||||||
Male | 17 | 18 | 0.942 | 14 | 21 | 0.015 | 16 | 19 | 0.391 | 19 | 16 | 0.391 | |
Female | 4 | 4 | 7 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 5 | |||||
Tumor location | |||||||||||||
Cardia | 9 | 12 | 0.492 | 11 | 10 | 0.018 | 10 | 11 | 0.999 | 11 | 10 | 0.489 | |
Corpus | 7 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |||||
Antrum | 4 | 6 | 7 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 6 | |||||
Residual stomach anastomosis | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |||||
Tumor size | |||||||||||||
≤ 5 cm | 12 | 8 | 0.172 | 11 | 9 | 0.451 | 11 | 9 | 0.451 | 10 | 10 | 0.887 | |
> 5 cm | 9 | 14 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 13 | 12 | 11 | |||||
T classification | |||||||||||||
T1/2 | 3 | 1 | 0.272 | 2 | 2 | 0.961 | 2 | 2 | 0.961 | 1 | 3 | 0.272 | |
T3/4 | 18 | 21 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 18 | |||||
Lymph node metastasis | |||||||||||||
≤ 7 | 5 | 7 | 0.558 | 3 | 9 | 0.052 | 5 | 7 | 0.558 | 6 | 6 | 0.924 | |
> 7 | 16 | 15 | 18 | 13 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 15 | |||||
Liver metastasis | |||||||||||||
Absent | 17 | 20 | 0.346 | 18 | 19 | 0.951 | 16 | 21 | 0.068 | 19 | 18 | 0.951 | |
Present | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | |||||
CD8 | |||||||||||||
High | |||||||||||||
Low | |||||||||||||
FOXP3 | |||||||||||||
Low | 9 | 12 | 0.443 | ||||||||||
Hight | 12 | 10 | |||||||||||
PD-1 | |||||||||||||
Low | 13 | 8 | 0.094 | 12 | 9 | 0.287 | |||||||
High | 8 | 14 | 9 | 13 | |||||||||
PD-L1 | |||||||||||||
Low | 9 | 13 | 0.287 | 12 | 10 | 0.443 | 15 | 7 | 0.009 | ||||
High | 12 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 6 | 15 |
Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses of prognostic parameters for survival in the cohort patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas
Prognostic parameter | Univariate | Multivariate | ||||
HR | 95%CI | P-value | HR | 95%CI | P-value | |
Age (yr) | ||||||
< 60 | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
≥ 60 | 2.718 | 0.921-8.023 | 0.07 | |||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
Female | 0.915 | 0.308-2.718 | 0.873 | |||
Tumor location | ||||||
Cardia | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
Corpus | 3.034 | 1.100-8.374 | 0.032 | 2.878 | 0.971-8.529 | 0.057 |
Antrum | 2.331 | 0.817-6.648 | 0.114 | 2.51 | 0.285-22.125 | 0.407 |
Residual stomach anastomosis | 1.401 | 0.176-11.159 | 0.75 | 1.373 | 0.399-4.718 | 0.615 |
Tumor size | ||||||
≤ 5 cm | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
> 5 cm | 1.605 | 0.693-3.717 | 0.269 | |||
T classification | ||||||
T1/2 | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
T3/4 | 0.76 | 0.407-1.420 | 0.39 | |||
Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
Absent | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
Present | 1.976 | 0.731-5.342 | 0.179 | |||
Liver metastasis | ||||||
Absent | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
Present | 3.515 | 1.269-9.731 | 0.016 | 4.045 | 1.140-14.351 | 0.031 |
CD8 | ||||||
Low | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
High | 0.46 | 0.197-1.074 | 0.073 | |||
FOXP3 | ||||||
Low | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
High | 1.375 | 0.593-3.186 | 0.458 | |||
PD-1 | ||||||
Low | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
High | 0.954 | 0.420-2.167 | 0.91 | |||
PD-L1 | ||||||
Low | 1.0 (Reference) | |||||
High | 2.846 | 1.170-6.922 | 0.021 | 3.646 | 1.372-9.688 | 0.009 |
- Citation: Yang MW, Fu XL, Jiang YS, Chen XJ, Tao LY, Yang JY, Huo YM, Liu W, Zhang JF, Liu PF, Liu Q, Hua R, Zhang ZG, Sun YW, Liu DJ. Clinical significance of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 pathway in gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25(14): 1684-1696
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v25/i14/1684.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i14.1684