Clinical advantages of single port laparoscopic hepatectomy

Table 1 Cause of conversion n (%)

Cause of conversion	SPLH	MPLH
	(n = 35, 22.6%)	(n = 18, 19.8%)
Bleeding	21 (60.0)	6 (33.3)
Adhesion	3 (8.5)	4 (22.2)
Poor localization of tumor	3 (8.5)	2 (11.1)
Advanced tumor	2 (5.7)	1 (5.6)
Technical failure	5 (14.3)	3 (16.7)
Others	1 (3.0)	2 (11.1)

SPLH: Single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; MPLH: Multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Table 2 Comparison of procedure between single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy and multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy group n (%)

Name of procedure	SPLH	MPLH
	(n = 155, 63.0%)	(n = 91, 37.0%)
Right hepatectomy	5 (3.2)	0
Left hepatectomy	17 (10.9)	12 (13.2)
Left lateral sesctionectomy	29 (18.7)	19 (20.8)
Segmentectomy	2 (1.3)	3 (3.3)
Partial hepatectomy	101 (65.2)	36 (39.6)
Extended cholecystectomy	0	14 (15.4)
Others	1 (0.7)	7 (7.7)

SPLH: Single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; MPLH: Multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy.

Table 3 Comparison of results between single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy and multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy group n (%)

Variables	SPLH	MPLH	P value
	(n = 155, 63.0%)	(n = 91, 37.0%)
Age	57.1 ± 13.3	60.8 ± 13.4	0.037
Sex (M:F)	105:50	49:42	0.040
BMI	24.1 ± 3.1	22.5 ± 2.9	< 0.001
Liver cirrhosis	51 (32.9)	31 (34.3)	0.887
CTP score	5.37 ± 0.73	5.21 ± 0.64	0.297
Malignant disease	116 (74.8)	64 (70.3)	0.459
Major operation	21 (13.5)	12 (13.3)	0.962
Operation time	136.9 ± 89.2	231.2 ± 149.7	< 0.001
Blood loss (mL)	385.1 ± 409.3	559.9 ± 624.9	0.016
RBC T/F (unit)	0.62 ± 1.98	0.79 ± 1.44	0.513
Conversion rate	35 (22.6)	18 (19.8)	0.358
Enteral feeding (d)	1.06 ± 0.27	1.63 ± 1.27	< 0.001
Hospital stay (d)	7.82 ± 2.79	7.97 ± 3.69	0.744
Disease free margin	0.84 ± 0.84	1.04 ± 1.22	0.704
Complication rate	12 (7.7)	3 (3.3)	0.397
Post op bleeding	1 (8.3)	0
Pleural effusion	4 (33.3)	1 (33.3)
Fluid accumulation	6 (50.1)	1 (33.3)
Others	1 (8.3)	1 (33.3)

SPLH: Single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; MPLH: Multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; BMI: Body mass index; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; T/F: Transfusion.

Table 4 Comparison of results between single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy and multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy group in left hepatectomy and left lateral sectionectomy n (%)

Variables	SPLH	MPLH	P value
	(n = 46, 59.7%)	(n = 31, 40.3%)
Age	59.0 ± 11.1	62.0 ± 9.9	0.223
Sex (M:F)	26:20	16:15	0.816
BMI	23.3 ± 2.8	22.7 ± 2.5	0.337
Liver cirrhosis	9 (19.6)	4 (12.9)	0.525
CTP score	5.44 ± 0.81	5.20 ± 0.56	0.355
Malignant disease	27 (58.7)	12 (38.7)	0.106
Operation time	177.9 ± 114.6	277.6 ± 140.6	0.003
Blood loss (mL)	389.0 ± 270.0	576.9 ± 298.1	0.013
RBC T/F (unit)	0.38 ± 0.9	0.83 ± 0.9	0.094
Conversion rate	15 (32.6)	8 (25.8)	0.616
Enteral feeding (d)	1.08 ± 0.35	1.61 ± 0.89	< 0.001
Hospital stay (d)	9.08 ± 3.21	9.36 ± 3.19	0.738
Disease free margin (cm)	1.17 ± 0.99	1.67 ± 1.92	0.354
Complication rate	4 (8.7)	1 (3.2)	0.402
Post op bleeding	1 (25.0)
Pleural effusion	0
Fluid accumulation	2 (50.0)
Others	1 (25.0)	1 (100)

SPLH: Single-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; MPLH: Multi-port laparoscopic hepatectomy; BMI: Body mass index; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; T/F: Transfusion.