Ndekwe P, Ghabril MS, Zang Y, Mann SA, Cummings OW, Lin J. Substantial hepatic necrosis is prognostic in fulminant liver failure. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(23): 4303-4310 [PMID: 28694671 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i23.4303]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Jingmei Lin, MD, PhD, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, 350 West 11th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States. jinglin@iupui.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Evidence-Based Medicine
Open-Access Policy of This Article
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World J Gastroenterol. Jun 21, 2017; 23(23): 4303-4310 Published online Jun 21, 2017. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i23.4303
Table 1 Clinical features of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis n (%)
Extent of necrosis
Patients (n = 37)
Ascites
Bacterial infection
INR mean and range
26%-50%
1
0 (0)
0 (0)
1.34 (1.34)
51%-75%
10
1 (10)
0 (0)
2.19 (0.95-4.52)
76%-100%
26
5 (19.2)
3 (11.5)
2.64 (1.10-5.91)
Table 2 Prognosis of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis with respect to liver transplantation n (%)
Extent of necrosis
Patients (n = 37)
Received transplant (n = 14)
Transplant free (n = 23)
Died
Survived
Died
Survived
26%-50%
1
NA
NA
NA
1 (100)
51%-75%
10
NA
3 (100)
2 (28.6)
5 (71.4)
76%-100%
26
4 (36.4)
7 (63.6)
9 (60.0)
6 (40.0)
Table 3 Prognosis of the patients who had submassive or massive hepatic necrosis with respect to the etiology n (%)
Etiology
Patients (n = 37)
Received transplant (n = 14)
Transplant free (n = 23)
Died
Survived
Died
Survived
DILI
10
NA
3 (100)
3 (42.9)
4 (57.1)
AIH
14
1 (20.0)
4 (80.0)
3 (33.3)
6 (66.7)
Viral hepatitis
9
3 (60.0)
2 (40.0)
3 (75.0)
1 (25.0)
Unknown
4
NA
1 (100)
2 (66.7)
1 (33.3)
Table 4 Hepatic encephalopathy with respect to the extent of hepatic necrosis n (%)
Extent of necrosis
Patient number (n = 37)
Encephalopathy
Present (n = 5)
Absent (n = 32)
26%-50%
1
0
1 (100)
51%-75%
10
0
10 (100)
76%-100%
26
5 (19.2)
21 (80.8)
Citation: Ndekwe P, Ghabril MS, Zang Y, Mann SA, Cummings OW, Lin J. Substantial hepatic necrosis is prognostic in fulminant liver failure. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23(23): 4303-4310