Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: Lessons learned and unresolved issues

Table 1 Summary of the incidence of alcohol relapse after liver transplantation in alcoholic liver disease patients from various studies since 2000

First author (country, yr)	Number of patients	Mean follow-up (mo)	Definition of relapse	Relapse rate	Impact on survival rate
Berlakovich (Austria, 2000[92])	118	53.7 (9-179)	Any consumption	13%	NA
Burra (Italy, 2000[93])	51	40.1 (0-86)	Any consumption	33%	NA
			Occasional drinking	21%
			Heavy drinking	12%
Tomé (Spain, 2002[76])	68	38 (12-68)	Any consumption	10%	NA
			> 60 g/d	3%
Cuadrado (Spain, 2005[69])	54	99.2 (14-155)	Intake > 30 g/d	25.90%	Yes
De Gottardi (Switzerland and France, 2007[37])	387	61.1 ± 47.5	Intake > 40 g/d	11.90%	No
Karim (Canada, 2010[52])	80	NA	Daily intake or associated with medical harm	10%	NA
Dimartini (United States, 2010[66])	265	NA	Any consumption	48%	Yes
			Fluctuating low level	28.60%
			Early onset rapidly accelerating moderate use	6.40%
			Steady increase to moderate use after three years post-LT	7.40%
			Early onset continuously increasing heavy use	5.80%
Faure (France, 2012[70])	206	81.7 (29-135)	Any consumption	43.70%	Yes
			Slip	7.00%
			Occasional intake (< 20-30 g/d)	12.40%
			Excessive intake (> 20-30 g/d)	24.30%
Egawa (Japan, 2014[44])	140	43.4 (0.1-163)	Any consumption	22.90%	Yes

NA: Not available.