Predictive value of quantitative contrast-enhanced ultrasound in hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after ablation

Table 1 Comparison of general data between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups

	Non-recurrence group (n = 37)	Recurrence group (n = 14)	χ2/t	P-value
Gender
Male	28	10	0.002	0.756
Female	9	4
Age (yr)	54.1 ± 7.7	54.3 ± 8.2	0.453	0.653
Tumor location
Left lobe of liver	6	3	0.001	0.663
Right lobe of liver	31	11
Maximum diameter of tumor (cm)
≤3	28	11	0.023	0.828
3-5	9	3
Child grade
A	34	12	0.018	0.508
B	3	2
AFP (ug/L)
> 200	6	4	0.356	0.321
≤200	31	10
Degree of tumor differentiation
High	12	4	0.672	0.437
Medium	23	9
Low	2	1

Table 2 Relationship of contrast-enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters between the two groups

Parameters	Non-recurrence group (37)	Recurrence group (14)	t	P-value
tRT (s)	23.2 ± 7.0	13.6 ± 6.1	4.517	0.000
pRT (s)	20.7 ± 10.2	18.5 ± 9.9	0.693	0.492
tTTP (s)	59.6 ± 14.2	41.2 ± 10.2	4.423	0.000
pTTP (s)	66.4 ± 17.3	56.8 ± 13.2	1.876	0.067
tPI (%)	31.4 ± 6.4	23.8 ± 6.7	3.737	0.000
p-tTTP (s)	-6.3 ± 10.7	-12.3 ± 10.2	1.809	0.077
t-pPI (%)	14.6 ± 7.4	7.1 ± 3.4	3.632	0.000

tRT: Tumor rise time; pRT: Parenchymal rise time; tTTP: Tumor time to peak; pTTP: Parenchymal time to peak; tPI: Tumor peak intensity; p-tTTP: Parenchymal-tumor time to peak; t-pPI: Tumor-parenchymal peak intensity.

Table 3 Correlation analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters and expression levels of endothelin-1 and basic fibroblast growth factor

Parameters	ET-1		bFGF
	r	P-value	r	P-value
tRT	0.211	0.302	-0.317	0.143
tTTP	0.133	0.570	-0.312	0.037
pTTP	0.132	0.671	-0.344	0.214
tPI	-0.412	0.293	-0.063	0.715
p-tTTP	-0.005	0.913	-0.075	0.702

ET-1: Endothelin-1; bFGF: Basic fibroblast growth factor; tRT: Tumor rise time; tTTP: Tumor time to peak; pTTP: Parenchymal time to peak; tPI: Tumor peak intensity; p-tTTP: Parenchymal-tumor time to peak.

Table 4 Multiple factor analysis of the relationship between contrast-enhanced ultrasound quantitative parameters, expression levels of endothelin-1 and basic fibroblast growth factor, and hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after ablation

Parameters	β	SE	Wald	P-value	OR	95%CI
						Lower limit	Upper limit
Low level of tRT	-0.207	0.062	5.326	0.037	0.813	0.720	0.918
Low level of tPI	-0.076	0.007	7.392	0.006	0.927	0.914	0.940
Low level of tTTP	-0.312	0.008	5.892	0.019	0.732	0.721	0.744
High level of bFGF	0.071	0.029	4.872	0.011	1.074	1.015	1.137
Low level of pRT	-0.091	0.091	5.322	0.137	0.913	0.764	1.091
Low level of pTTP	-0.057	0.032	4.352	0.086	0.945	0.888	1.006
Low level of t-pTTP	-0.066	0.042	4.892	0.136	0.936	0.862	1.016
Low level of t-pPI	-0.013	0.032	3.842	0.187	0.987	0.927	1.051
High level of ET-1	0.031	0.032	5.762	0.879	1.032	0.969	1.099

ET-1: Endothelin-1; bFGF: Basic fibroblast growth factor; tRT: Tumor rise time; tTTP: Tumor time to peak; pTTP: Parenchymal time to peak; tPI: Tumor peak intensity; p-tTTP: Parenchymal-tumor time to peak.