Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cirrhosis: Present and future perspectives

Table 1 Summary of the clinical studies that have used mesenchymal stem cells in patients with cirrhosis

Ref.	Publication year	Country	Study design	Mean age (yr) range (mean ± SD)	Sample size	Follow-up (mo)	Cell source	Injection route	Dose (cells/kg)	Main outcome	Side effects or complications
Amin et al[83]	2013	Egypt	Cohort	42-60 (51.3 ± 6.2)	n = 20 (M:F = 14:6)	6	Bone marrow	Intrasplenic	A mean of 10 × 106	I	None
Jang et al[44]	2014	South Korea	Clinical trials	37-60 (50 ± 8)	n = 11 (M:F = 10:1)	45	Bone marrow	Hepatic artery	5 × 106	I	None
Kharaziha et al[43]	2009	Sweden	Cohort	38-67 (55.63)	n = 8 (M:F = 4:4)	6	Bone marrow	Portal vein (n = 6) or Peripheral vein (n = 2)	3 × 107-5 × 107	I	None
Mohamadnejad et al[84]	2013	Iran	RCT	MSC 43.1 ± 17.6Placebo 34.6 ± 13.8	n = 25 (M:F = 13:12) MSC (n = 14) Placebo (n = 11)	12	Bone marrow	Peripheral vein	Median of 1.95 × 108 (range: 1.2-2.95)	I	None
Mohamadnejad et al[42]	2007	Iran	Case series	34-56 (47.3)	n = 4 (M:F = 1:3)	12	Bone marrow	Peripheral vein	(5.2 ± 0.63) × 109	I	None
Salama et al[85]	2014	Egypt	RCT	(1) MSC 50.27 ± 6.05(2) Control 50.9 ± 7.23	n = 40 (M:F = 33:7) (1) MSC (n = 20) (2) Control (n = 20)	6	Bone marrow	Peripheral vein	1 × 106	I	None
Wang et al[86]	2013	China	Clinical trial	33-58 (40)	n = 7 (M:F=1:6)	12	Umbilical cord	Peripheral vein	0.5 × 106	NR	None
Zhang et al[87]	2012	China	Case control	(1) MSC: 48(2) Control: 47	n = 45 (M:F = 40:5) (1) MSC (n = 30) (2) Control (n = 15)	12	Umbilical cord	Peripheral vein	0.5 × 106	I	None
Wang et al[88]	2014	China	Cohort	30-60(50)	n = 10 (M:F=1:9)	12	Bone marrow	Peripheral vein		I	None
El-Ansary et al[89]	2010	Egypt	RCT	Intrasplenic 48.50 ± 11.09Peripheral 50.83 ± 6.88	n = 12 (M:F = 8:4) intrasplenic (n = 6) peripheral (n = 6)	6	Bone marrow	IntrasplenicPeripheral vein	1 × 108/5 mL	I	None
Shi et al[90]	2012	China	Case control	(1) MSC 24-59(2) Control 26-62	n = 43 (M:F = 35:8) MSC (n = 24) Control (n = 21)	18	Umbilical cord	Peripheral vein	0.5 × 106	I	None
Peng et al[91]	2011	China	Case control	MSC 42.19 ± 10.80Control 42.22 ± 11.37	n = 158 (M:F=149:9) MSC (n = 53) Control (n = 105)	45 (195 wk)	Bone marrow	Hepatic artery	3.4 × 108-3.8 × 108	I	None
El-Ansary et al[92]	2012	Egypt	Case control	MSC 48.0 ± 7.4Control 51.6 ± 7.2	n = 25 (M:F=19:6) MSC (n = 15) Control (n = 10)	6	Bone marrow	Peripheral vein	1 × 106	I	None
Amer et al[23]	2011	Egypt	RCT	MSC 50.5 ± 4.1Control (45-55) ± 3.6	n = 40 (M:F=33:7) MSC (n = 20) Control (n = 20)	6	Bone marrow	1) Intrasplenic2) Intrahepatic	2 × 107	I	None

I: Improved; NR: Not reported; None: Not observed.