Outcomes of robotic vs laparoscopic hepatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

				Laparoscopic liver resection			Robotic liver resection
Ref.	Country	Type of study	Total n. of patients	No. of patients	Age	M/F	No. of patients	Age	M/F	Score of study quality2
Berber et al[21]	United States	Retro/Comparative	32	23	66.7 ± 9.6	12/11	9	66.6 ± 6.4	7/2	4+2+3
Ji et al[30]	China	Retro/Case-control	33	20	NR	NR	13	53 (39-79)1	9/4	3+1+3
Troisi et al[45]	Belgium-Italy	Retro/Comparative	263	223	55.3 ± 15.7	98/125	40	64.6 ± 12.1	27/13	4+1+3
Lai et al[41]	China	Retro/Comparative	66	33	NR	NR	33	NR	NR	4+1+3
Wu et al[47]	Taiwan	Retro/Comparative	79	41	54.1 ± 14	28/13	38	60.9 ± 14.9	32/6	4+1+3
Tsung et al[46]	United States	Retro/Case-control	171	114	58.7 ± 15.8	47/67	57	58.3 ± 14.6	24/33	3+2+3
Spampinato et al[43]	Italy	Retro/Comparative	50	25	62 (33-80)1	10/15	25	63 (32-80)	13/12	4+2+3

¹Data expressed as median (range);

²According to the NOS (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale) classification. Retro: Retrospective; NR: Not reported.

Table 2 Raw data of each included study

First author	Blood loss (mL)	Operative time (min)	Conversion	Morbidity	R1 rate	Hospital stay (d)
Berber et al[21]
Laparoscopic liver resection	155 ± 54	233.6 ± 16.4	0%	17%	NR	NR
Robotic liver resection	136 ± 61	258.5 ± 27.9	11.10%	11%	NR	NR
Ji et al[30]
Laparoscopic liver resection	NA	130 ± 42.5	10%	10%	NR	NA
Robotic liver resection	NA	338 ± 166.9	0%	7.80%	NR	NA
Troisi et al[45]
Laparoscopic liver resection	174 ± 133	262 ± 111	7.60%	12.60%	5.40%	5.9 ± 3.8
Robotic liver resection	330 ± 303	271 ± 100	20%	12.50%	7.50%	6.1 ± 2.6
Lai et al[41]
Laparoscopic liver resection	347.7 ± 498.7	133.4 ± 42.7	NR	9%	9.10%	NR
Robotic liver resection	373.4 ± 872	202.7 ± 69.8	NR	3%	9.10%	NR
Wu et al[47]
Laparoscopic liver resection	173 ± 165	227 ± 80	12.20%	10%	NR	7.2 ± 4.4
Robotic liver resection	325 ± 480	380 ± 166	5%	8%	NR	7.9 ± 4.7
Tsung et al[46]
Laparoscopic liver resection	100 ± 50	198.5 ± 20.6	8.80%	26%	8%	4 ± 0.3
Robotic liver resection	200 ± 71.8	253 ± 43.7	7%	19.30%	5%	4 ± 0.6
Spampinato et al[43]
Laparoscopic liver resection	512.5 ± 287.5	375 ± 105	4%	36%	9%	10.2 ± 4.2
Robotic liver resection	625 ± 450	456.2 ± 121	4%	16%	0%	10.5 ± 4.5

NR: Not reported; NA: Not assessable.