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©The Author(s) 2015.
World J Gastroenterol. Jul 21, 2015; 21(27): 8314-8325
Published online Jul 21, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i27.8314
Published online Jul 21, 2015. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i27.8314
Table 1 Histologic grading of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Grade | Features |
0 | Normal,villus to crypt ratio 5-6:1, minimal number of lymphocytes and plasma cells, tall columnar surface epithelial cells |
1 | Epithelial cell degenerative changes (cuboidal,vacuolated) but intact, mild increase of lymphocytes and plasma cells in lamina propria |
2 | Decreased villus height, yielding villus to crypt ratio ≤ 1, epithelial cell necrosis or erosions, more chronic inflammation in lamina propria ± neutrophils, glandular dilatation |
3 | Villi effaced (flat surface), epithelial cell necrosis or erosions, pseudomembrane may appear on surface, glandular destruction, inflammation extending deep to muscle layer |
4 | Transmural changes (all of above plus change in muscle layer) |
Table 2 Concentrations of inflammatory factors in serum (mean ± SD)
Group(n = 8) | p65 (pg/mL) | IL-6 (pg/mL) | TNF-α(pg/mL) |
Sham | 104.64 ± 11.89 | 50.02 ± 6.33 | 43.79 ± 4.18 |
Control | 228.53 ± 24.85a | 104.91 ± 31.18a | 70.81 ± 6.97a |
Anti-HMGB1 | 145.00 ± 33.63ab | 62.28 ± 6.73ab | 52.76 ± 5.71ab |
Anti-MyD88 | 191.12 ± 13.22abc | 85.90 ± 17.37abc | 63.19 ± 5.47abc |
Anti-TRIF | 183.73 ± 10.81abc | 78.14 ± 7.38abc | 59.70 ± 4.63abc |
Table 3 Levels of myeloperoxidase activity in the lung and liver (mean ± SD)
Table 4 Lung injury score in all groups (mean ± SD)
Group (n = 6) | Alveolar congestion | Hemorrhage | Neutrophil infiltration | Alveolar wall thickness | Total score |
Sham | 1.18 ± 0.21 | 0.63 ± 0.27 | 0.23 ± 0.08 | 0.17 ± 0.08 | 2.22 ± 0.64 |
Control | 3.82 ± 0.18 | 2.72 ± 0.18 | 1.85 ± 0.15 | 2.37 ± 0.23 | 10.75 ± 0.73a |
Anti-HMGB1 | 2.05 ± 0.12 | 1.02 ± 0.26 | 0.47 ± 0.10 | 0.55 ± 0.14 | 4.08 ± 0.60ab |
Anti-MyD88 | 3.07 ± 0.16 | 2.13 ± 0.26 | 0.87 ± 0.18 | 1.08 ± 0.23 | 7.15 ± 0.77abc |
Anti-TRIF | 2.93 ± 0.16 | 1.92 ± 0.18 | 0.77 ± 0.14 | 1.02 ± 0.16 | 6.63 ± 0.62abc |
Table 5 Intestine injury score in all groups (mean ± SD)
Table 6 HMGB1and NF-κB mRNA expression in lungs from all groups (mean ± SD)
Table 7 HMGB1, NF-κB, MyD88, and TRIF mRNA expression in ileum from all groups (mean ± SD)
Group (n = 6) | HMGB1 | NF-κB | MyD88 | TRIF |
Sham | 1.04 ± 0.19 | 1.03 ± 0.21 | 1.01 ± 0.10 | 1.01 ± 0.11 |
Control | 2.67 ± 0.30a | 2.04 ± 0.29a | 2.55 ± 0.16a | 3.05 ± 0.10a |
Anti-HMGB1 | 1.89 ± 0.18ab | 1.42 ± 0.23ab | 2.37 ± 0.08ab | 2.90 ± 0.13ab |
Anti-MyD88 | 2.35 ± 0.31abc | 1.77 ± 0.18abc | 2.30 ± 0.16ab | 3.04 ± 0.13ac |
Anti-TRIF | 2.29 ± 0.28abc | 1.70 ± 0.13abc | 2.53 ± 0.07acd | 2.85 ± 0.12abd |
- Citation: Wang J, He GZ, Wang YK, Zhu QK, Chen W, Guo T. TLR4-HMGB1-, MyD88- and TRIF-dependent signaling in mouse intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(27): 8314-8325
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v21/i27/8314.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i27.8314