Japanese apricot improves symptoms of gastrointestinal dysmotility associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease

Table 1 Characteristics and Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease scores of subjects on the basis of Japanese apricot intake

	Daily intake	None or occasional	P value
	(≥1 JA daily)	(< 1 JA daily)
n	392	911
Age (yr)	60.6 ± 10.5	56.0 ± 11.0	< 0.001
Sex (male/female)	201/191	388/523	0.004
Helicobacter pylori infection rate	203 (51.8%)	451 (49.5%)	0.469
FSSG
Total score	2.13 ± 3.14	2.70 ± 3.82	0.005
Acid reflux score	1.08 ± 1.90	1.24 ± 2.11	0.177
Dysmotility score	1.05 ± 1.58	1.46 ± 2.11	< 0.001
Total FSSG score ≥ 8	24 (6.1%)	88 (9.7%)	0.040

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. JA: Japanese apricot; FSSG: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 2 Scores of each Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease question on the basis of Japanese apricot intake

	Daily intake	None or occasional	P value
	(≥1 JA daily)	(< 1 JA daily)
n	392	911
Q1 score	0.30 ± 0.62	0.33 ± 0.66	0.369
Q2 score	0.31 ± 0.63	0.44 ± 0.75	0.002
Q3 score	0.18 ± 0.50	0.28 ± 0.62	0.001
Q4 score	0.10 ± 0.37	0.13 ± 0.44	0.182
Q5 score	0.08 ± 0.32	0.13 ± 0.41	0.036
Q6 score	0.19 ± 0.49	0.19 ± 0.49	0.865
Q7 score	0.10 ± 0.43	0.11 ± 0.42	0.845
Q8 score	0.11 ± 0.38	0.23 ± 0.61	< 0.001
Q9 score	0.11 ± 0.41	0.14 ± 0.44	0.436
Q10 score	0.18 ± 0.43	0.24 ± 0.52	0.043
Q11 score	0.37 ± 0.70	0.38 ± 0.75	0.792
Q12 score	0.09 ± 0.36	0.11 ± 0.40	0.537

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. JA: Japanese apricot; FSSG: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 3 Characteristics and Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease scores of subjects on the basis of Japanese apricot intake stratified by sex

	Male		P value	Female		P value
	Daily intake(≥1 JA daily)	None or occasional (< 1 JA daily)		Daily intake(≥1 JA daily)	None or occasional(< 1 JA daily)
n	201	388		191	523
Age (yr)	60.0 ± 10.8	56.2 ± 11.6	< 0.001	61.2 ± 10.1	55.8 ± 10.5	< 0.001
Helicobacter pylori infection rate	103 (51.2)	192 (49.5)	0.728	100 (52.4)	259 (49.5)	0.554
FSSG
Total score	2.01 ± 2.86	2.47 ± 3.53	0.091	2.26 ± 3.41	2.88 ± 4.01	0.057
Acid reflux score	1.01 ± 1.70	1.14 ± 1.89	0.434	1.14 ± 2.08	1.32 ± 2.27	0.338
Dysmotility score	1.00 ± 1.45	1.33 ± 1.99	0.021	0.76 ± 1.38	0.95 ± 1.65	0.005
Total FSSG score ≥ 8	9 (4.5)	34 (8.8)	0.066	15 (7.9)	54 (10.3)	0.391

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). JA: Japanese apricot; FSSG: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 4 Characteristics and Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease scores of subjects on the basis of Japanese apricot intake stratified by age

	Non-elderly (34-64 yr)		P value	Elderly (65-79 yr)		P value
	Daily intake	None or occasional		Daily intake	None or occasional
	(≥1 JA daily)	(< 1 JA daily)		(≥1 JA daily)	(< 1 JA daily)
n	239	692		153	219
Age (yr)	54.0 ± 7.7	51.5 ± 8.5	< 0.001	70.9 ± 3.7	70.2 ± 3.7	0.052
Sex (male/female)	127/112	280/412	0.001	74/79	108/111	0.916
Helicobacter pylori infection rate	129 (54.0)	331 (47.8)	0.151	74 (48.4)	120 (54.8)	0.246
FSSG
Total score	2.50 ± 3.27	2.93 ± 3.96	0.095	1.56 ± 2.82	1.98 ± 3.21	0.191
Acid reflux score	1.26 ± 1.99	1.31 ± 2.17	0.748	0.79 ± 1.70	1.03 ± 1.91	0.211
Dysmotility score	1.24 ± 1.68	1.62 ± 2.22	0.005	0.76 ± 1.38	0.95 ± 1.65	0.268
Total FSSG score ≥ 8	18 (7.5)	77 (11.1)	0.136	6 (3.9)	11 (5.0)	0.802

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). JA: Japanese apricot; FSSG: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Table 5 Characteristics and Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease scores of subjects on the basis of Japanese apricot intake stratified by Helicobacter pylori infection status

	Helicobacter pylori infection
	Negative			Positive
	Daily intake(≥1 JA daily)	None or occasional(< 1 JA daily)	P value	Daily intake(≥1 JA daily)	None or occasional(< 1 JA daily)	P value
n	189	460		203	451
Age (yr)	60.1 ± 11.5	54.0 ± 11.6	< 0.001	61.0 ± 9.3	58.1 ± 10.0	< 0.001
Sex (male/female)	98/91	196/264	0.037	103/100	192/259	0.062
FSSG
Total score	2.03 ± 2.99	2.80 ± 3.69	0.006	2.22 ± 3.27	2.60 ± 3.94	0.202
Acid score	1.04 ± 1.80	1.23 ± 2.07	0.251	1.11 ± 1.99	1.25 ± 2.16	0.435
Dysmotility score	0.99 ± 1.58	1.57 ± 2.06	< 0.001	1.11 ± 1.58	1.35 ± 2.16	0.116
Total FSSG score ≥ 8	11 (5.8)	42 (9.1)	0.206	13 (6.4)	46 (10.2)	0.140

Data are expressed as mean ± SD or n (%). JA: Japanese apricot; FSSG: Frequency Scale for Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease.