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©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 21, 2014; 20(31): 10802-10812
Published online Aug 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i31.10802
Published online Aug 21, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i31.10802
Table 1 Surgical and pathological factors in pancreatic cancer
Ref. | No. of patients | Results |
Surgical margin/resection (R1 vs R0) | ||
Menon et al[12] | 27 | mOS, 14 mo vs NR |
Raut et al[13] | 360 | mOS, 21.5 mo vs 27.8 mo |
Lymph nodes status and lymph node ratio | ||
Riediger et al[17] | 204 | LNR was an independent prognostic factor |
Valsangkar et al[18] | 14907 | LNR was strongly correlated with survival |
Perineural and blood vessel invasion | ||
Chatterjee et al[21] | 86 | mOS, 34 mo for BVI (-) vs 22 mo for BVI (+); |
mOS, 32 mo for PNI (-) vs 22 mo for PNI (+) | ||
Tumor localization | ||
Park et al[8] | 340 | It was an important prognostic factor by univariate analysis |
Zhang et al[7] | 302 | It was an independent prognostic indicator |
Operative factors | ||
Nagai et al[23] | 271 | OBL greater than 2000 mL was an independent prognostic factor for OS |
Keck et al[24] | 270 | PBT was an independent prognostic indicator for survival |
Table 2 Clinical prognostic factors in pancreatic cancer in selected trials
Ref. | No. of patients | Results |
Performance status | ||
Sezgin et al[25] | 67 | PS was an independent prognostic factor for OS |
Tas et al[26] | 335 | Initial poor PS (2-4) was significantly associated with worse survival |
DM, obesity and jaundice | ||
Gong et al[31] | 510 | HR = 1.3 for patients with BMI ≥ 30 compare to those with BMI < 25. But no correlation was found between BMI and survival |
Yuan et al[33] | 902 | Higher baseline BMI was associated with reduced survival |
Smith et al[34] | 155 | The presence of jaundice at the time of surgery was a significant adverse predictor of early survival |
Strasberg et al[36] | 400 | The preoperative jaundice was found to be a significant indicator of poor outcome |
Treatment | ||
Park et al[8] | 340 | mOS, 11.3 vs 10.4 vs 6.4 mo for stage III patients treated with CT, CCRT and BSC, respectively (P < 0.001) |
mOS, 6.4 vs 3.1 mo for patients with stage IV treated with CT or BSC, respectively (P < 0.001) | ||
Lee et al[19] | 82 | Gemcitabine chemotherapy was found to be the only independent prognostic indicator for OS in advanced pancreatic cancer |
Table 3 Selected trials of laboratory prognostic factors in pancreatic cancer
Ref. | No. of patients | Results |
CA 19-9 levels | ||
Park et al[8] | 340 | Elevated CA19-9 levels (> 670 U/mL) were found to independent prognostic factor for OS |
Zhang et al[7] | 302 | mOS, 3.8 mo for patients with high CA 19-9 levels vs 5.0 mo for those with normal CA 19-9 levels |
Humphris et al[47] | 260 | mOS, 25.6 mo for low postoperative CA 19-9 levels vs 14.8 mo for high CA 19-9 levels |
Normalization of CA19-9 within 6 mo of resection was also an independent favorable prognostic factor | ||
Other tumor markers | ||
Zhang et al[7] | 302 | mOS, 2.0 mo for patients with high CEA levels vs 5.0 mo for those with normal CEA levels |
Lee et al[22] | 187 | mOS was 16.3 and 10.2 mo for patients with normal CEA vs high CEA levels, repsectively |
Hematological factors | ||
Zhang et al[7] | 302 | WBCs were independent prognostic factor for OS |
Smith et al[58] | 110 | mOS in patients with a preoperative PLR of 150 or less was 19.7 mo, 13.7 mo in those with a PLR of 151-300, and 5.8 mo in patients with a value of > 300 |
Aliustaoglu et al[57] | 65 | Patients with a NLR value of < 5 had a significantly higher median OS time compared to those with a NLR value of ≥ 5 |
Stotz et al[56] | 371 | An increased NLR as an independent prognostic factor for inoperable and surgically resected patients |
Biochemical parameters | ||
Zhang et al[7] | 302 | Serum albumin and BUN levels were found to be independent prognostic factors for prediction of OS |
Stocken et al[46] | 653 | Albumin, ALP, LDH, BUN, and AST were independent prognostic indicators for survival of advanced pancreatic cancer |
Haas et al[60] | 291 | Pretreatment LDH levels were significantly associated with TTP. Baseline LDH,CRP, and bilirubin were significant prognostic factors for OS |
Table 4 Molecular and novel biomarkers as prognostic factors in pancreatic cancer
References | No. of patients | Results |
Molecular markers | ||
Neoptolemos et al[64] | 48 | mOS, 26.2 mo for patients with high hENT1 expression vs 17.1 for those with low hENT1 expression who treated with gemcitabine (P = 0.002) |
Sinn et al[68] | 160 | Strong stromal SPARC expression was associated with worse DFS and OS (strong vs not-strong DFS 9.0 vs 12.6 mo, P = 0.005; OS 19.8 vs 26.6 mo (P = 0.033).Cytoplasmic SPARC expression was also associated with worse patient outcome (positive vs negative DFS 7.4 vs 12.1 mo, P = 0.041; OS 14.1 vs 25.6 mo, P = 0.011) in patients with pancreatic cancer who received gemcitabine as adjuvant CT |
Blackford et al[76] | 114 | mOS,14.2 mo in patients without SMAD4 gene inactivation vs 11.5 mo for those with inactivation (P = 0.006) |
Oshima et al[77] | 106 | Loss of SMAD4 expression was significantly associated with shorter OS and it was found to be an independent prognostic factor for both OS and DFS |
Novel biomarkers | ||
Xue et al[86] | 106 | mOS for patients with a higher NEDD9 expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with lower NEDD9 expression. NEDD9 was an independent factor of poor prognosis |
Xia et al[88] | 80 | A higher FoxM1 expression had a significantly shorter survival time compared to patients with lower FoxM1 expression and FoxM1 was found to be an independent factor for survival |
- Citation: Bilici A. Prognostic factors related with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(31): 10802-10812
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10802.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i31.10802