Effect of alternative antibiotics in treatment of cefotaxime resistant spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Table 1 Demographic and clinical features of all patients n (%)

Variable	Group I (n = 81)	Group II(n = 19)	χ2	P value
Gender
Male	48 (59.3)	11 (57.9)	0.01	0.91
Female	33 (40.7)	8 (42.1)
Age (yr) mean ± SD	49.4 ± 7.74	51.5 ± 8.08	1.04	0.29
Abdominal pain
Yes	65 (80.2)	16 (84.2)	0.01	0.9
No	16 (19.8)	3 (15.8)
Fever
Yes	67 (82.7)	18	0.93	0.33
No	14 (17.3)	1 (5.3)
Child Class
B	17 (21)	1 (5.3)	1.62	0.2
C	64 (79)	18 (94.7)
Abdominal tenderness
Yes	43 (53.1)	12 (63.2)	0.11	0.427
No	38 (46.9)	7 (36.8)
Upper GI bleeding
Yes	8 (9.9)	4 (21.1)	1.820	0.177
No	73 (90.1)	15 (78.9)
Encephalopathy
Yes	25 (30.9)	12 (63.2)	6.885	0.009
No	56 (69.1)	7 (36.8)
Asymptomatic
Yes	15 (18.5)	0 (0.00)	4.08	0.04
No	66 (81.5)	19 (100)

GI: Gastrointestinal.

Table 2 Laboratory parameters of all patients at admission

Variable/mean ± SD	Group I (n = 81)	Group II (n = 19)	t	P value
Laboratory parameters
INR	1.87 ± 0.48	1.85 ± 0.57	0.091	0.927
Albumin (g/dL)	2.16 ± 0.32	2.23 ± 0.22	0.852	0.396
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	5.45 ± 4.50	4.23 ± 2.60	1.133	0.260
Direct bilirubin (mg/dL)	3.44 ± 3.25	2.50 ± 1.95	1.202	0.232
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.62 ± 0.85	1.80 ± 0.59	0.882	0.38
Urea (mg/dL)	83.87 ± 37.16	88.33 ± 42.99	0.457	0.649
Potassium (mmol/L)	3.76 ± 0.65	3.65 ± 0.79	0.586	0.559
Sodium (mmol/L)	130.36 ± 9.26	129.93 ± 10.53	0.178	0.859
Platelets (× 10/mL)	53.2 ± 20.1	54.6 ± 31.5	0.235	0.815
Ascitic fluid parameters
Glucose (mg/dL)	121.05 ± 41.62	101.52 ± 53.032	1.744	0.084
Protein (mg/dL)	1389.95 ± 840.65	1553.63 ± 566.38	0.805	0.423
LDH (IU/L)	240 (180-500)	540 (108-1200)	4.406	0.000
PMNLs (/mm3)	3400 (695-264  00)	15  000 (957-23  822)	3.852	0.000

Data are presented by mean ± SD or median (range). INR: International normalized ratio; WBC: White blood cell; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; PMNLs: Polymorph nuclear leucocytes.

Table 3 Ascitic fluid parameters in group II at the beginning and end of alternative therapy

Variable	Meropenem subgroup	Levofloxacin subgroup	t	P value
	(n = 11)	(n = 8)
At initiation of alternative therapy
Glucose (mg/dL)	100.45 ± 80.33	113.50 ± 9.58	0.390	0.702
Protein (mg/dL)	1850.00 ± 529.26	1360.83 ± 572.08	1.771	0.097
LDH (IU/L)	450 (108-1200)	237 (120-831)	2.223	0.042
PMNLs/mm3	18  061 (957-23822)	3540 (957-15222)	3.622	0.000
At end of therapy
Glucose (mg/dL)	102.81 ± 39.35	124.00 ± 29.17	1.150	0.268
Protein (mg/dL)	1660.00 ± 418.85	1163.33 ± 516.78	2.156	0.052
PMNLs/mm3	316.01 ± 104.03	265.63 ± 69.61	1.056	0.307

Data are presented by mean ± SD or median (range). LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; PMNLs: Polymorph nuclear leucocytes.