Macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease: An association study in New Zealand Caucasians and meta-analysis

doi:10.3748/wjg.v19.i39.6656

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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Meta-Analysis

World J Gastroenterol. Oct 21, 2013; 19(39): 6656-6664
Published online Oct 21, 2013. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i39.6656

Table 1 Characteristics of previously published association studies of MIF -173G > C in inflammatory bowel disease

Cohort	Sample size	Demographics				Ref.
Cohort	Sample size	Race	mean ± SD	% male	IBD diagnosis	Ref.
1	Cases: 111	Japanese	39 ± 14.2	52.3	UC	[18]
1	Controls: 209	Japanese	44 ± 18.4	58.4	NA	[18]
2	Cases: 221	Japanese	40.1 ± 14.0	46.2	UC	[15]
2	Controls: 312	Japanese	41.4 ± 18.1	50.3	NA	[15]
3	Cases: 99	Han Chinese	38.4 ± 10.6	61.6	CD (15); UC (84)	[13]
3	Controls: 142	Han Chinese	42.3 ± 11.6	64.1	NA	[13]
4	Cases: 623	Caucasian	-	48 (CD); 49.0 (UC)	CD (336); UC (287)	[16]
4	Controls: 361		-	-	NA	[16]
5	Cases: 672	Caucasian	-	47.1 (CD); 43.0 (UC)	CD (325); UC (347)	[16]
5	Controls: 526		-	-	NA	[16]
6	Cases: 99	Caucasian	-	-	41 (CD); 58 (UC)	[17]
6	Controls: 123	Caucasian	-	-	NA	[17]
7	Cases: 198	Caucasian	39.5 ± 11.9	48.0	CD	[12]
7	Controls: 159	Caucasian	44.1 ± 15.8	46.5	NA	[12]
8	Cases: 259	Caucasian	42.3 ± 10.2 (CD); 44.1 ± 15.3 (UC)	-	157 (CD), 102 (UC)	[14]
8	Controls: 489	Caucasian	-	-	NA	[14]
9	Cases: 1234	Caucasian	-	47.2	CD	[32]
9	Controls: 2112	Caucasian	-	51.0	NA	[32]
10	Cases: 590	Caucasian	21 ± 10.8	47.2	CD	[33,34]
	Controls: 678		-	49.3	NA
	Controls: 488		44.9 ± 11.2	41.2	NA
12	Cases: 139	Caucasian (Indian)	41.0 ± 14.11	59.3	139 (UC)	[19]¹
	Controls: 176	Caucasian (Indian)	41.0 ± 14.11	59.3	NA	[19]¹

¹The study of Sivaram et al[19] was not included in the meta-analyses as study participants were neither East Asian, nor Northern European or American Caucasians. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; NA: Not available.

Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the New Zealand inflammatory bowel disease patients and controls n (%)

Characteristic	Controls	CD	UC	IBD-U
Number of females	340 (63.0)	307 (63.0)	242 (51.5)	13 (50.0)
Age at first diagnosis (yr)
< 17		57 (11.3)	28 (5.9)
17-40		277 (55.0)	231 (48.6)	15 (55)
> 40		170 (33.7)	216 (45.5)	12 (45)
CD location
Colonic		211 (41.8)
Ileocaecal		125 (24.8)
Ileal		64 (32.5)
Isolated upper GI disease		3 (0.6)
Perianal disease modifier		136 (27.0)
CD behaviour
Non-stricturing/ non-penetrating		286 (56.8)
Penetrating		57 (11.3)
Stricturing		161 (31.9)
UC location
Proctitis			164 (34.5)	3 (11.1)
Left-sided			125 (26.3)	5 (18.5)
Extensive			181 (38.1)	19 (70.4)

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease; GI: Gastrointestinal.

Table 3 Allele and genotype frequencies of MIF-173G > C in New Zealand Caucasian patients with inflammatory bowel disease compared with controls

Phenotype	Genotype			MAF	Allelic P (unadjusted)	OR (95%CI)
Phenotype	GG	GC	CC	MAF	Allelic P (unadjusted)	OR (95%CI)
Control	328 (0.672)	143 (0.293)	17 (0.035)	177 (0.181)
IBD	668 (0.676)	287 (0.290)	33 (0.033)	353 (0.179)	0.86	0.98 (0.80-1.20)
UC	320 (0.687)	129 (0.277)	17 (0.036)	163 (0.175)	0.71	0.96 (0.76-1.21)
Age at first diagnosis (yr)
< 17	17 (0.610)	11 (0.390)	0	11 (0.196)	0.78	1.10 (0.56-2.18)
17-40	153 (0.680)	60 (0.267)	12 (0.053)	84 (0.187)	0.81	1.04 (0.78-1.38)
> 40	150 (0.704)	58 (0.272)	5 (0.023)	68 (0.160)	0.33	0.86 (0.63-1.17)
Disease location
Proctitis	106 (0.658)	49 (0.304)	6 (0.037)	61 (0.189)	0.75	1.06 (0.76-1.46)
Left-sided	92 (0.742)	27 (0.218)	5 (0.040)	37 (0.149)	0.23	0.79 (0.54-1.16)
Extensive	118 (0.670)	52 (0.295)	6 (0.034)	64 (0.182)	0.99	1.00 (0.73-1.38)
CD	331 (0.669)	149 (0.301)	15 (0.030)	179 (0.181)	0.98	0.00 (0.79-1.25)
Age at first diagnosis (yr)
< 17	36 (0.642)	19 (0.339)	1 (0.017)	21 (0.188)	0.87	1.04 (0.63-1.72)
17-40	188 (0.683)	81 (0.295)	6 (0.220)	93 (0.169)	0.55	0.92 (0.70-1.21)
> 40	107 (0.652)	49 (0.299)	8 (0.049)	65 (0.198)	0.50	1.12 (0.81-1.53)
Disease location
Colonic	131 (0.633)	68 (0.328)	8 (0.039)	84 (0.203)	0.35	1.15 (0.86-1.54)
Ileocaecal	81 (0.653)	37 (0.298)	6 (0.048)	49 (0.198)	0.56	1.11 (0.78-1.58)
Ileal	115 (0.719)	44 (0.275)	1 (0.006)	46 (0.144)	0.12	0.76 (0.53-1.08)
Disease behaviour
Non-stricturing/non-penetrating	181 (0.644)	92 (0.327)	8 (0.028)	108 (0.192)	0.60	1.07 (0.82-1.40)
Penetrating	37 (0.649)	19 (0.333)	1 (0.018)	21 (0.184)	0.94	1.02 (0.62-1.68)
Stricturing	113 (0.720)	38 (0.242)	6 (0.038)	50 (0.159)	0.37	0.86 (0.61-1.21)

IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease.

Table 4 Allele and genotype frequencies of MIF CATT5-8 haplotypes in New Zealand Caucasian controls and inflammatory bowel disease patients

Phenotype	Genotype^a			MAF	Allelic P (unadjusted)	OR (95%CI)
Phenotype	5/5	5/X	X/X	MAF	Allelic P (unadjusted)	OR (95%CI)
Control	27 (0.050)	187 (0.350)	321 (0.600)	241 (0.225)
IBD	54 (0.055)	366 (0.375)	555 (0.569)	474 (0.243)	0.27	1.10 (0.93-1.32)
UC	24 (0.051)	172 (0.364)	277 (0.586)	220 (0.233)	0.70	1.04 (0.85-1.28)
Age at first diagnosis (yr)
< 17	0	11 (0.393)	17 (0.607)	11 (0.196)	0.61	1.04 (0.43-1.65)
17-40	10 (0.043)	91 (0.394)	130 (0.563)	111 (0.240)	0.52	1.09 (0.84-1.41)
> 40	14 (0.065)	70 (0.327)	130 (0.607)	98 (0.229)	0.88	1.02 (0.78-1.33)
Disease location
Proctitis	12 (0.073)	56 (0.341)	96 (0.585)	80 (0.244)	0.48	1.11 (0.83-1.48)
Left-sided	5 (0.040)	48 (0.387)	71 (0.573)	58 (0.234)	0.77	1.05 (0.76-1.46)
Extensive	7 (0.039)	67 (0.372)	106 (0.589)	81 (0.225)	0.99	1.00 (0.75-1.33)
CD	30 (0.063)	182 (0.555)	264 (0.555)	242 (0.254)	0.12	1.18 (0.96-1.44)
Age at first diagnosis (yr)
< 17	4 (0.073)	22 (0.400)	29 (0.527)	30 (0.273)	0.26	1.29 (0.83-2.01)
17-40	15 (0.057)	104 (0.394)	145 (0.549)	134 (0.254)	0.21	1.17 (0.92-1.49)
> 40	11 (0.070)	56 (0.357)	90 (0.573)	78 (0.248)	0.39	1.14 (0.85-1.52)
Disease location
Colonic	14 (0.070)	75 (0.375)	111 (0.555)	103 (0.258)	0.19	1.19 (0.91-1.56)
Ileocaecal	7 (0.058)	48 (0.397)	66 (0.545)	62 (0.256)	0.19	1.19 (0.86-1.64)
Ileal	9 (0.060)	56 (0.371)	86 (0.570)	74 (0.245)	0.47	1.12 (0.83-1.51)
Disease behaviour
Non-stricturing/non-penetrating	18 (0.066)	104 (0.382)	150 (0.551)	140 (0.257)	0.15	1.19 (0.94-1.51)
Penetrating	1 (0.019)	20 (0.377)	32 (0.604)	22 (0.208)	0.68	0.90 (0.55-1.47)
Stricturing	11 (0.073)	58 (0.384)	82 (0.543)	80 (0.265)	0.15	1.24 (0.93-1.66)

^aX = 6, 7, or 8 CATT repeats. IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CD: Crohn’s disease.

Citation: Falvey JD, Bentley RW, Merriman TR, Hampton MB, Barclay ML, Gearry RB, Roberts RL. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease: An association study in New Zealand Caucasians and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19(39): 6656-6664
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v19/i39/6656.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i39.6656