Perceptions about preventing hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis in Taiwan

Table 1 Participants’ demographics (n = 400) n (%)

Participants’ demographics	Value
Gender
Female	174 (43.5)
Male	226 (56.5)
Marital status
Married	353 (88.3)
Single	27 (6.8)
Widowed	10 (2.5)
Divorced/separated	9 (2.3)
Educational level
Illiterate	41 (10.3)
Elementary school	109 (27.3)
Junior high school	73 (18.3)
High school	104 (26)
College/university	62 (15.5)
Graduate school	11 (2.8)
Occupation
Laborers	82 (20.5)
Businessmen	61 (15.3)
Farmers	36 (9.0)
Fishermen	9 (2.3)
Military personnel	2 (0.5)
Government employees	19 (4.8)
Homemakers	78 (19.5)
Others	113 (28.3)
Household income (NT dollars/mo)
Below 10000	101 (25.3)
10000-20000	63 (15.8)
21000-30000	78 (19.5)
31000-40000	47 (11.8)
41000-50000	35 (8.8)
Above 50000	76 (19.0)

Table 2 Relationships between the participants' demographics, health perceptions, and knowledge of hepatitis (n = 400)

Variables	Perceived susceptibility	Perceived severity	Perceived benefits	Perceived barriers	Cues to action	Knowledge
Age1	-0.22 (< 0.001)	-0.07 (0.162)	-0.11 (0.028)	0.08 (0.121)	-0.12 (0.014)	-0.20 (< 0.001)
Gender2	1.53 (0.135)	0.92 (0.362)	0.23 (0.819)	2.14 (0.039)	-0.04 (0.967)	-1.14 (0.254)
Marital status3	0.64 (0.589)	1.91 (0.127)	0.40 (0.753)	0.19 (0.905)	0.08 (0.973)	1.13 (0.336)
Education level3	2.96 (0.008)	1.30 (0.257)	3.95 (0.001)	6.31 (<0.001)	2.27 (0.036)	9.17 (< 0.001)
Occupation3	2.52 (0.015)	0.92 (0.489)	0.92 (0.490)	2.55 (0.014)	0.59 (0.767)	2.61 (0.012)
Monthly income3	2.27 (0.047)	0.63 (0.679)	3.91 (0.002)	3.91 (0.002)	2.87 (0.015)	6.59 (< 0.001)
Willingness to receive therapy3	-0.75 (0.453)	-1.15 (0.252)	-0.42 (0.675)	3.55 (< 0.001)	-1.67 (0.096)	-0.48 (0.633)
Had received a vaccine3	2.98 (0.052)	0.07 (0.937)	2.04 (0.131)	1.94 (0.145)	3.14 (0.044)	13.88 (< 0.001)
Frequency of blood screening3	1.28 (0.265)	3.67 (0.001)	0.43 (0.859)	1.87 (0.084)	1.66 (0.129)	1.44 (0.198)
Frequency of abd. sonography3	0.51 (0.830)	1.44 (0.188)	0.55 (0.798)	3.66 (0.001)	1.48 (0.173)	2.74 (0.009)

Data are presented as

¹r of Pearson’s correlation/

²t of independent t-test/

³F of one-way analysis of variance (P value).

Table 3 Predictors of receiving antiviral therapy: Logistic regression (n = 364)

Variables	B	SE	OR	P	95%CI
Age	-0.044	0.017	0.957	0.008	0.926-0.989
Perceptions
Susceptibility	0.011	0.096	1.011	0.912	0.837-1.220
Severity	0.061	0.053	1.063	0.255	0.957-1.180
Benefits	-0.156	0.130	0.856	0.232	0.663-1.105
Barriers	-0.111	0.030	0.895	< 0.001	0.845-0.949
Cues to action	0.059	0.042	1.060	0.160	0.977-1.150
Knowledge	-0.102	0.117	0.903	0.383	0.719-1.135