Evaluation of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging for determination of liver stiffness using transient elastography as a reference

Table 1 Characteristics of patients at the time of liver stiffness measurement (n = 606)

Patients,n	606
Male, n (%)	363 (59.9%)
Age (yr)	53 ± 17
ALT (IU/L)	59 ± 159
AST (IU/L)	53 ± 142
GGT (IU/L)	104 ± 218
AP (IU/L)	97 ±84
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	1.1 ± 0.4
Prothrombin time (% of normal)	96 ± 22
Chronic liver diseases, n (%)
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	236 (38.9%)
Chronic hepatitis B	48 (7.9%)
Chronic hepatitis C	97 (16.0%)
Alcoholic liver disease	52 (8.6%)
Autoimmune hepatitis	18 (3.0%)
PBC/PSC	12 (2.0%)
Others	14 (2.3%)
Healthy controls	129 (21.3%)
Liver biopsy available, n (%)	68 (11.2%)

ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase; AP: Alkalic phosphatases; PBC: Primary biliary cirrhosis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging shear wave velocity and liver stiffness measured by transient elastography

	AUROC	Cut-off	PPV	NPV	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)
Comparison to all patients [ARFI-SWV (n = 482)]
FS < 7.6 kPa	0.969	1.29 m/s	0.93	0.90	91.4	92.6
FS > 13.0 kPa	0.991	1.60 m/s	0.85	0.98	92.3	96.5
Comparison with liver biopsy [ARFI-SWV (n = 68) and FS-LS (n = 59)]
Non significant liver fibrosis
ARFI-SWV (n = 23)	0.929	1.32 m/s	0.83	0.91	87.0	80.0
FS-LS (n = 20)	0.920	7.6 kPa	0.85	0.95	94.9	85.0
Liver cirrhosis
ARFI-SWV (n = 28)	0.934	1.62 m/s	1.0	0.85	100	85.7
FS-LS (n = 24)	0.958	13.0 kPa	1.0	0.91	100	91.4

AUROC: Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves; CI: Confidence interval; PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; ARFI-SWV: Acoustic radiation force impulse imaging shear wave velocity; FS-LS: Liver stiffness measured by transient elastography.