Survival trends in gastric cancer patients of Northeast China

Table 1 Characteristics of population from the three periods (n = 1604)

Characteristics	1980s (n = 496)	1990s (n = 673)	2000s (n = 435)	P value
Age (yr)				0.000
Median	56	60	58
Sex (%)				0.000
Male	397 (80)	469 (70)	306 (70)
Female	99 (20)	204 (30)	129 (30)
Number of lymph nodes removed				0.000
Mean	12	12	18
Number of involved lymph nodes				0.072
Mean	2	2	3
Tumor size (cm)				0.000
Median	6	5	5
Site of tumor (%)				0.000
Whole stomach	60 (12)	49 (7)	23 (5)
Upper stomach	55 (11)	80 (12)	44 (10)
Middle stomach	39 (8)	69 (10)	49 (11)
Lower stomach	213 (43)	298 (44)	254 (58)
> 2/3 stomach	129 (26)	177 (26)	65 (15)
Pathological tumor stage (%)				0.003
T1	99 (20)	148 (22)	104 (24)
T2	179 (36)	215 (32)	121 (28)
T3	154 (31)	242 (36)	178 (41)
T4	64 (13)	68 (10)	32 (7)
Pathological nodal stage (%)				0.006
N0	159 (32)	195 (29)	152 (35)
N1	193 (39)	269 (40)	161 (37)
N2	84 (17)	155 (23)	94 (22)
N3	60 (12)	54 (8)	28 (6)
TNM stage (%)				0.000
IA	47 (10)	58 (9)	36 (8)
IB	62 (13)	102 (15)	98 (23)
II	81 (16)	168 (25)	100 (23)
IIIA	108 (22)	149 (22)	86 (20)
IIIB	73 (15)	71 (11)	42 (10)
IV	125 (25)	125 (19)	73 (17)
Gross type (%)				0.000
Borrmann I	15 (3)	5 (1)	2 (1)
Borrmann II	158 (35)	97 (16)	44 (11)
Borrmann III	227 (50)	439 (71)	311 (77)
Borrmann IV	50 (11)	79 (13)	47 (12)
Surgery (%)				0.000
Absolutely curative	277 (56)	357 (53)	172 (40)
Relatively curative	47 (10)	163 (24)	225 (52)
Palliative	172 (35)	153 (23)	38 (9)
Lymph node dissection (%)				0.000
D1	51 (10)	52 (8)	46 (11)
D2	188 (38)	399 (59)	347 (80)
D3	90 (18)	73 (11)	16 (4)
Palliative resection	167 (34)	149 (22)	26 (6)
Complication (%)				0.001
Intestinal obstruction	16 (3)	7 (1)	11 (3)
Anastomotic leakage	10 (2)	12 (2)	0 (0)
Pneumonia	3 (1)	3 (0)	1 (0)
Abdominal abscess	8 (2)	11 (2)	7 (2)
Anemia	3 (1)	1 (0)	4 (1)
Other	7 (1)	12 (2)	22 (5)
Hepatic metastasis (%)	21 (4)	21 (3)	10 (2)	0.244
Peritoneum metastasis (%)	67 (14)	50 (7)	25 (6)	0.000
Adjunctive therapy (%)	0 (0)	41 (6)	153 (35)	0.000
Type of gastrectomy (%)				0.073
Total	94 (19)	95 (14)	76 (17)
Subtotal	402 (81)	578 (86)	359 (83)
Combined organ resection				0.000
Pancreas or spleen	53 (11)	56 (8)	18 (4)
Liver or gall	11 (2)	12 (2)	19 (4)
Transverse colon	20 (4)	51 (8)	52 (12)
Other	15 (3)	20 (3)	12 (3)

Table 2 HR for death in population (n =1604) - univariable and multivariable analyses

	Univariable analyses		Multivariable analyses
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age (yr)		0		0.005
≤ 55	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
> 55	1.383 (1.222-1.565)	0	1.240 (1.036-1.484)	0.019
Sex		0.734		0.582
Male	1 (Ref)		1  (Ref)
Female	0.977 (0.855-1.117)	0.734	1.030 (0.854-1.241)	0.760
Tumor size		0		0.024
≤ 5 cm	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
5-7 cm	1.782 (1.534-2.071)	0	1.250 (1.006-1.553)	0.044
> 7 cm	2.587 (2.244-2.982)	0	1.211 (0.956-1.533)	0.113
Tumor site		0		0.071
Whole stomach	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Upper stomach	0.625 (0.489-0.798)	0	1.247 (0.825-1.886)	0.295
Middle stomach	0.358 (0.273-0.471)	0	0.844 (0.541-1.315)	0.453
Lower stomach	0.401 (0.327-0.490)	0	0.846 (0.574-1.247)	0.399
> 2/3 stomach	0.588 (0.475-0.727)	0	0.845 (0.590-1.210)	0.358
Gross appearance		0		0.002
Borrmann types I	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Borrmann types II	0.541 (0.338-0.867)	0.011	0.405 (0.179-0.915)	0.030
Borrmann types III	0.807 (0.510-1.278)	0.361	0.626 (0.284-1.381)	0.246
Borrmann types IV	1.357 (0.841-2.191)	0.211	1.328 (0.317-1.672)	0.454
Tumor stage		0		0.408
T1	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
T2	3.336 (2.542-4.377)	0	1.458 (0.797-2.667)	0.221
T3	4.275 (3.218-5.678)	0	1.780 (0.510-2.287)	0.841
T4	7.873 (5.689-10.894)	0	1.991 (0.459-2.590)	0.844
Lymph-node stage		0		0.874
N0	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
N1	2.980 (2.411-3.682)	0	1.176 (0.913-2.073)	0.127
N2	3.430 (2.754-4.271)	0	1.443 (0.595-1.826)	0.883
N3	5.174 (3.934-6.804)	0	1.756 (0.324-2.766)	0.518
TNM stage		0		0.019
IA	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
IB	1.920 (1.381-2.671)	0	0.642 (0.288-1.431)	0.279
II	2.645 (1.938-3.608)	0	0.779 (0.293-2.068)	0.616
IIIA	4.306 (3.171-5.847)	0	1.303 (0.429-3.961)	0.641
IIIB	4.847 (3.510-6.693)	0	1.459 (0.409-5.204)	0.561
IV	8.982 (6.613-12.199)	0	3.286 (0.779-13.857)	0.105
Surgery		0		0
Absolutely curative	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Relatively curative	1.907 (1.631-2.230)	0	1.372 (1.114-1.690)	0.003
Palliative	4.368 (3.782-5.044)	0	3.361 (1.752-6.448)	0
Lymph node dissection		0		0.867
D1	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
D2	0.931 (0.750-1.155)	0.515	1.169 (0.821-1.664)	0.387
D3	0.807 (0.616-1.058)	0.121	1.146 (0.738-1.780)	0.543
Palliative resection	3.236 (2.573-4.070)	0	1.359 (0.457-1.612)	0.636
Joint organ removal		0		0.007
None	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Pancreas or spleen	1.997 (1.640-2.433)	0	1.086 (0.709-1.372)	0.933
Liver or gall	1.514 (1.029-2.227)	0.035	1.108 (0.649-1.891)	0.707
Transverse colon	2.093 (1.699-2.579)	0	1.466 (1.107-1.942)	0.008
Other	2.453 (1.797-3.350)	0	1.008 (0.586-1.731)	0.978
Gastrectomy		0		0.512
Total	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Subtotal	0.573 (0.494-0.664)	0	0.912 (0.693-1.200)	0.511
Hepatic metastasis		0		0.796
No	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Yes	4.002 (2.991-5.354)	0	1.285 (0.403-1.529)	0.476
Peritoneum metastasis		0		0.947
No	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Yes	2.835 (2.359-3.406)	0	1.127 (0.382-1.381)	0.329
Complication		0.41		0.157
None	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Intestinal obstruction	0.796 (0.522-1.216)	0.292	1.311 (0.670-2.565)	0.428
Anastomotic leakage	1.474 (0.946-2.294)	0.086	1.893 (0.904-3.965)	0.091
Pneumonia	1.069 (0.400-2.856)	0.894	1.207 (0.323-4.525)	0.929
Abdominal abscess	1.212 (0.795-1.850)	0.372	1.295 (0.700-2.397)	0.410
Anaemia	0.487 (0.157-1.514)	0.214	0.479 (0.116-1.980)	0.309
Other	0.702 (0.421-1.172)	0.176	0.488 (0.240-0.992)	0.047
Adjunctive therapy		0.022		0.364
No	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
Yes	0.744 (0.577-0.959)	0.022	0.850 (0.643-1.124)	0.254
Diagnosis period		0.395		0.385
1980s	1 (Ref)		1 (Ref)
1990s	1.072 (0.937-1.226)	0.311	1.025 (0.807-1.301)	0.840
2000s	0.884 (0.735-1.063)	0.191	0.914 (0.674-1.241)	0.565