Hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Patients’ background information¹ (mean ± SD)

Groups	Pringle maneuver (n = 20)	HVO (n = 20)	BIOwHAC (n = 19)
Age (yr)	54.35 ± 10.03	54.20 ± 11.34	54.26 ± 7.05
Gender (M:F)	16:4	13:7	14:5
Pathologic diagnosis	HCC	HCC	HCC
Complication hepatocirrhosis (cases)	10	9	10
Hepatitis virus positive (cases)	18	18	17
Increase in AFP (cases)	12	11	10
Child’s disease grade (cases, A:B)	19:1	19:1	18:1
Serum albumin (g/L)	40.04 ± 3.42	40.87 ± 3.12	39.78 ± 2.71
Serum bilirubin (μmol/L)	12.86 ± 5.60	14.68 ± 3.37	13.08 ± 7.81
Serum ALT (U/L)	45.22 ± 32.99	45.04 ± 63.01	47.63 ± 40.48
Serum AST (U/L)	39.43 ± 17.20	40.72 ± 21.57	41.56 ± 41.01

¹There is no significant intergroup difference (P > 0.05). BIOwHAC: Hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control; HVO: Hemihepatic vascular occlusion; AFP: α-fetoprotein; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.

Table 2 Intraoperative status of patients (mean ± SD)

Groups	Pringle maneuver (n = 20)	HVO (n = 20)	BIOwHAC (n = 19)
Right hemiliver (cases)	2	3	1
Left hemiliver (cases)	1	2	1
S2 + S3 (cases)	3	5	3
S6 + S7 (cases)	2	2	2
S5 + S6 (cases)	2	2	1
S5 + S8 (cases)	1	2	1
S6 (cases)	2	2	3
S7 (cases)	3	1	2
S5 (cases)	2	1	2
S4 (cases)	2	0	2
S8 (cases)	0	0	2
Tumor size (cm)	6.33 ± 3.39	7.60 ± 4.03b	6.11 ± 3.18bc
Operation time (min)	158.50 ± 43.77a	219.25 ± 58.09	151.84 ± 41.77a
Occlusion time (min)	20.60 ± 4.91	25.70 ± 8.29b	18.94 ± 5.13bc
Occlusion frequency (time)	1	1	1
Bleeding volumes (mL)	700.00 ± 163.32	1017.5 ± 663.57b	789.47 ± 683.04bc
Blood transfusion (cases)	8	11	9
Transfusion volumes (mL)	775.00 ± 679.81	709.09 ± 317.66b	766.66 ± 580.94bc

^aP < 0.05 vs HVO;

^bP > 0.05 vs pringle maneuver;

^cP > 0.05 vs HVO. BIOwHAC: Hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control; HVO: Hemihepatic vascular occlusion.

Table 3 Postoperative complications and length of hospital stay (mean ± SD)

Groups	Pringle maneuver (n = 20)	HVO (n = 20)	BIOwHAC (n = 19)
Postoperative complications (cases)	4	5	4
Responsive pleural effusion (cases)	3	2	3
Pulmonary infection (cases)	1	3	1
Hepatic section bleeding (cases)	0	0	0
Bile leakage (cases)	0	0	0
Subphrenic abscess (cases)	0	0	0
Hepatic encephalopathy (cases)	0	0	0
Hemorrhage of digestive tract (cases)	0	0	0
Long-term liver dysfunction (cases)	0	0	0
Perioperative deaths (cases)	0	0	0
Length of hospital stay (d)	21.75 ± 4.32	22.95 ± 5.30	21.47 ± 9.36

BIOwHAC: Hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control; HVO: Hemihepatic vascular occlusion