Application of contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography in the decision-making about hepatocellular carcinoma operation

Table 1 Malignant and benign lesions detected by CE-MRI, IOUS and CE-IOUS

	Malignant lesions	Pathology	Benign lesions	Pathology + follow up
CE-MRI	56	54	4	3
IOUS	89	72	8	7
CE-IOUS	74	73	11	10

CE-MRI: Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging; IOUS: Intraoperative ultrasonography; CE-IOUS: Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography.

Table 2 Sensitivity, Specificity, False negative rate and False positive rate of CE-MRI, IOUS and CE-IOUS (%)

	Sensitivity	Specificity	Accuracy	False negative rate	False positive rate
CE-MRI	98.2	60	95	1.8	40
IOUS	98.6	50	81.4	1.4	50
CE-IOUS	98.6a	90.9c	97.6	1.4e	9.1f

^aP > 0.05 compared with CE-MRI and IOUS,

^cP < 0.05 compared with CE-MRI and IOUS,

^eP > 0.05 compared with CE-MRI and IOUS,

^fP < 0.05 compared with CE-MRI and IOUS.

Table 3 Operation changed according to the newly detected lesions by CE-IOUS

	Operation (liver resection)
	1 segment	2 segments	3 segments	Right liver	Left liver	Right 3 segment	Left 3 segment	Liver transplantation	Liver resection + ethanol injection
Pre-operation	13	21	7	4	3	1	1	0	0
Intra-operation	9	18	8	6	4	2	1	11	1

¹This patient accepted right lobe of liver resection and ethanol injection in the I stage, then accepted liver transplantation 4 mo later.