Microalbuminuria in hepatitis C-genotype 4: Effect of pegylated interferon and ribavirin

Table 1 Study subjects characteristics by HCV status

Characteristics	HCV status
	HCV-negative	HCV-positive
Age (yr)	46.0 (57.0)	46.0 (51.0)
Genderan (%)
Male	44 (18.4)	195 (81.6)
Female	23 (38.3)	37 (61.7)
Diabetes n (%)
No	31 (19.6)	127 (80.4)
Yes	32 (23.2)	106 (67.8)
Fibrosisan (%)
No/mild	67 (54.0)	57 (46)
Moderate/severe	0 (0.0)	137 (100)
Inflammationan (%)
No/mild	67 (100)	0 (0.0)
Moderate/severe	0 (0.0)	194 (100)
Body mass index (kg/m2)	27.9 (26.7)	29.2 (25.3)
Urea (mmol/L)	4.6 (41.4)	4.7 (128.9)
Creatinine (mg/dL)	75.0 (248.0)	77.0 (230.0)
ACR (mg/mmol)	1 (36.8)	1 (193.9)
eGFR (mL/min every 1.73 m2)	99.5 (317.0)	98.0 (155.0)
Microalbuminuriaab (µg/mg)	5.9 (299.0)	9.5 (399.0)
ALTab (U/L)	25.0 (110.0)	66.0 (583.0)
Hemoglobinab (g/dL)	14.0 (7.0)	14.9 (9.5)

^aP < 0.05;

^bKruskal-Wallis test. HCV: Hepatitis C virus; ACR: Albumin creatinine ratio; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase. Quantities given as median (range).

Table 2 Renal insufficiency in diabetics compared with non-diabetics among HCV-positive and HCV-negative controls

Renal function	Diabetes
	OR (95% CI)	P-value1
Microalbuminuria		0.720
HCV-positive	1.4 (0.8-2.3)
HCV-negative	1.7 (0.6-5.1)
eGFR		0.175
HCV-positive	3.0 (0.8-11.9)
HCV-negative	0.6 (0.1-4.0)
Albumin creatinine ratio		0.752
HCV-positive	2.9 (1.4-6.1)
HCV-negative	2.1 (0.4-12.7)
Creatinine		0.627
HCV-positive	0.9 (0.3-2.8)
HCV-negative	0.5 (0.1-2.5)

¹P for interaction is the P-value of the cross product term of HCV × diabetes in the logistic regression models predicting renal insufficiency. OR: Odds ratio.