Effect of implanting fibrin sealant with ropivacaine on pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Table 1 Patient characteristic data (mean ± SE)

Variables	Group A	Group B	Group C
Age (yr)	41.6 ± 16.1	42.2 ± 14.7	40.8 ± 17.6
Weight (kg)	62.6 ± 18.3	65.3 ± 16.8	64.7 ± 19.1
Sex (M/F)	14/6	14/6	14/6
Duration of anesthesia (min)	106.7 ± 21.4	98.2 ± 24.3	103.7 ± 25.7
Duration of surgery (min)	66.4 ± 20.1	62.8 ± 19.5	68.5 ± 18.3

Table 2 Multiple comparisons of visual analog scale (VAS) scores for various groups vs group C (the control) (mean ± SE)

Time (h)	Group	n	VAS	P value
4	G1	20	7.2 ± 2.8	0.547
	G2	20	4.3 ± 1.2	0.007
	G3	20	8.3 ± 3.5
8	G1	20	6.5 ± 3.7	0.435
	G2	20	3.4 ± 1.6	0.008
	G3	20	7.0 ± 3.1
12	G1	20	5.1 ± 1.9	0.327
	G2	20	2.5 ± 0.8	0.001
	G3	20	5.9 ± 2.0
24	G1	20	3.5 ± 1.3	0.264
	G2	20	1.8 ± 0.9	0.001
	G3	20	4.0 ± 1.8
36	G1	20	2.7 ± 1.2	0.362
	G2	20	1.2 ± 0.6	0.001
	G3	20	2.9 ± 1.0
48	G1	20	2.0 ± 0.8	0.538
	G2	20	0.8 ± 0.3	0.001
	G3	20	2.2 ± 0.8

Table 3 Character of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy n (%)

Group	n	Visceral	Parietal	Shoulder
A	20	18 (90.0)	10 (50.0)	7 (35.0)
B	20	12 (60.0)	9 (45.0)	1 (5.0)
C	20	19 (95.0)	11 (55.0)	8 (40.0)
Total	60	49 (81.7)	30 (50.0)	16 (26.7)