Hepatoprotective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi extracts: In vitro and in vivo studies

doi:10.3748/wjg.14.2566

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Apr 28, 2008 (publication date) through Jan 2, 2025

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. Apr 28, 2008; 14(16): 2566-2571
Published online Apr 28, 2008. doi: 10.3748/wjg.14.2566

Table 1 In vitro cytotoxicity profile of extracts of S. mukorossi and R. emodi (mean ± SE)

Sample identity	Test concen (&mgr;g/mL)	Cytotoxicity (% release of enzyme in the medium)
		LDH		GPT
		Sp. activity	%leakage	Sp. activity	%leakage
Control	-	5.05 ± 0.22	-	103 ± 2.5	-
S. mukorossi	10	5.00 ± 2.21	NS	111 ± 2.4	NS
	50	4.97 ± 0.23	NS	108 ± 3.1	NS
	100	5.18 ± 0.31	NS	100 ± 1.9	NS
R. emodi	10	5.03 ± 0.11	NS	119 ± 2.0	NS
	50	5.12 ± 0.17	NS	107 ± 2.5	NS
	100	5.08 ± 0.14	NS	114 ± 2.3	NS

NS: Non-significant (t-test).

Table 2 In vitro hepatoprotective activity of S. mukorossi and R. emodi extracts (mean ± SE)

Sample identity	Test concen (&mgr;g/mL)	Hepatoprotective effect
		GSH levels (cells)		[% restoration of enzyme leakage against toxin challenge (CCl₄) of enzyme leakage]
		&mgr;g/3 x 10⁶ cells	% recovery	LDH		GPT
		&mgr;g/3 x 10⁶ cells	% recovery	Sp. activity	% restoration	Sp. activity	% restoration
Control	-	5.61 ± 0.13	-	3.22 ± 0.25	100	94 ± 3.0	0
CCl₄	2.5 mmol/L	2.52 ± 0.14	-	16.0 ± 0.22	0	198 ± 2.5	0
CCl₄ +	10 &mgr;g	2.95 ± 0.22	16	10.2 ± 2.21^a	46	135 ± 2.4^a	60
S. mukorossi	50 &mgr;g	3.05 ± 0.17	20^a	8.10 ± 0.23^b	61	123 ± 3.1^a	72
	100 &mgr;g	3.31 ± 0.19	34^a	6.80 ± 0.31^b	71	105 ± 1.9^b	89
CCl₄ +	10 &mgr;g	3.12 ± 0.13	24^a	10.51 ± 0.11^a	43	143 ± 2.0^a	52
R. emodi	50 &mgr;g	3.27 ± 0.21	32^a	7.34 ± 0.17^b	67	129 ± 2.5^a	66
	100 &mgr;g	3.30 ± 0.13	33^a	6.08 ± 0.14^b	77	108 ± 2.3^a	86
CCl₄ + Silymarin	30 &mgr;g	4.61 ± 0.22	69^a	6.00 ± 0.50^b	78	107 ± 2.3^a	87

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control.

Table 3 Effect of S. mukorossi and R. emodi extracts on serum biochemical parameters against CCl₄ induced hepatic injury in rats (Curative study, mean ± SE)

Treatment	*Dose (mg/kg, p.o.)*	Serum parameters
Treatment	*Dose (mg/kg, p.o.)*	ALT (IU/L)	AST (IU/L)	ALP (IU/L)	Bilirubin (mg)
Vehicle control	-	127.73 ± 10.65	100.26 ± 11.50	40.11 ± 2.20	0.11 ± 0.02
Vehicle + CCl₄	-	1142.36 ± 80.97	833.59 ± 34.85	64.06 ± 3.00	0.82 ± 0.08
S. mukorossi CCl₄ +	2.5	524.18 ± 86.30^b	408.72 ± 40.07^a	47.38 ± 1.02^b	0.40 ± 0.02^b
R. emodi CCl₄ +	3	384.69 ± 44.39^b	314.90 ± 44.41^b	49.00 ± 2.19	0.32 ± 0.02^b
Silymarin CCl₄ +	50	563.47 ± 49.22^b	421.54 ± 30.82^b	47.96 ± 2.49^b	0.42 ± 0.02^b

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control.

Citation: Ibrahim M, Khaja MN, Aara A, Khan AA, Habeeb MA, Devi YP, Narasu ML, Habibullah CM. Hepatoprotective activity of Sapindus mukorossi and Rheum emodi extracts: In vitro and in vivo studies. World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(16): 2566-2571
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v14/i16/2566.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.14.2566