Effects of probiotic on intestinal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis

Table 1 Flora analysis (mean ± SD, Lg10ⁿ/g)

Index	BIFICO group		Placebo group
	Pretreatment (n = 15)	Post-treatment (n = 15)	Pretreatment (n = 15)	Post-treatment (n = 15)
EMB	8.21 ± 0.69	8.11 ± 0.29	8.23 ± 0.42	8.93 ± 0.62ac
EC	6.63 ± 0.21	7.20 ± 0.31a	6.71 ± 0.39	6.67 ± 0.48c
SP	3.55 ± 0.96	3.61 ± 0.19	3.65 ± 0.41	3.72 ± 0.30
SB	3.45 ± 0.83	3.09 ± 0.25a	3.36 ± 0.35	3.47 ± 0.96
BD	6.79 ± 0.29	7.26 ± 0.03a	6.77 ± 0.88	6.81 ± 0.35
BL	6.92 ± 0.34	7.69 ± 0.34b	7.03 ± 0.34	6.44 ± 0.25bd
PS	7.26 ± 0.61	7.32 ± 0.74	6.78 ± 0.59	6.93 ± 0.52
LC	6.95 ± 0.52	7.39 ± 0.72a	7.07 ± 0.97	6.67 ± 0.43c
ES	5.91 ± 0.92	5.45 ± 0.25	5.45 ± 0.67	5.68 ± 0.80
CD	6.18 ± 0.78	6.13 ± 0.66	6.19 ± 0.72	6.37 ± 0.96

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs post-treatment; ^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs control. EMB: Enterobactera; EC: Enterococcus; SP: Staphylococcus; SB: Sac-charomyces (yeast); BD: Bacteroides; BL: Bifidobacterium; LC: Lactobacillus; PS: Peptococcus; ES: Eubacterium; CD: Clostridium.

Table 2 Expression of NF-κB (nucleus) and IκB (cytoplasm) before and after therapy (mean ± SD)

Index	BIFICO group		Placebo group
	Pretreatment	Post-treatment	Pretreatment	Post-treatment
IκB (cytoplasm)	0.99 ± 0.11	0.97 ± 0.07	0.89 ± 0.08	0.43 ± 0.15bd
NF-κB (nucleus)	0.82 ± 0.05	0.31 ± 0.05b	0.79 ± 0.14	0.97 ± 0.09d

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs post-treatment; ^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs control.

Table 3 mRNA expression of cytokines before and after therapy (OD value, mean ± SD)

Index	BIFICO group		Placebo group
	Pretreatment	Post-treatment	Pretreatment	Post-treatment
IL-1	0.41 ± 0.09	0.53 ± 0.11	0.38 ± 0.12	1.20 ± 0.08d
TNF-α	0.79 ± 0.06	0.35 ± 0.12b	0.86 ± 0.05	1.40 ± 0.18d
IL-10	0.76 ± 0.32	1.11 ± 0.21b	0.54 ± 0.26	0.45 ± 0.04d

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs post-treatment; ^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs control.