Effect of hepatocyte apoptosis induced by TNF-α on acute severe hepatitis in mouse models

Figure 1 Liver cells apoptosis in mice induced by GalN/ET. A 3.5 h after GalN/ET, individual apoptotic cells are visible, apoptotic positive signal mainly locates in nucleus. ISEL × 400 B 9 h after GalN/ET, further increase of apoptotic liver cells and pieces of liver cell necrosis and bleeding with leukocytes infiltration appear. Apoptotic cells (a), apoptotic bodies (b), leukocytes (1) and necrosis (n). HE × 400

Figure 2 Liver cells apoptosis in mice induced by GalN/TNF-α. A. 6 h after GalN/TNF-α, a lot of apoptotic liver cells can be seen. Apototic bodies appear on the section, but liver necrosis is not obvious. HE × 200 B. 6 h after GalN/TNF-α, a great number of apoptotic liver cells are found. ISEL × 400

Figure 3 Analysis of DNA ladder from liver cell extract. A. (1) Marker (λ DNA/Hind III); (2) GalN/ET 9 h; (3) GalN/ET 6 h; (4) GalN/ET 3.5 h; (5) GalN 6 h; (6) ET 6 h; (7) Normal liver cells; (8) Dexamethasone induced apoptosis of thymus cells. B. (1) Marker (λ DNA/Hind-III); (2) GalN/TNF 9 h; (3) GalN/TNF 6 h; (4) GalN/TNF 3.5 h; (5) GalN 6 h; (6) TNF 6 h; (7) Normal liver cells; (8) Anti-TNF-α/GalN/ET 9 h.

Figure 4 Apoptitic liver cell under electron microscope. Chromatin condensation in apoptotic cell to form cresent moon body locating near the nucleus lining. × 6000