Peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia and patients with normal lower-esophageal-sphincter integrated relaxation pressure: A propensity-score-matched retrospective study

Figure 1 The procedure of peroral endoscopic myotomy. A: Preoperative screening for the morphological characteristics of the esophagus was performed by endoscopy; B: A sufficient submucosal injection was performed to separate the mucosal layer and submucosal layer; C: An entry incision, inverse T-shaped incision, was established; D: The submucosal tunnel was established; E: Progressive myotomy was completed; F: The tunnel opening was closed with metallic clips.

Figure 2 The Eckardt scores of the two groups before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy. A: Eckardt scores of the normal lower esophageal sphincter integrated relaxation pressure (LES-IRP) group before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM); B: Eckardt scores of the increased LES-IRP group before and after POEM. LES-IRP: Lower esophageal sphincter integrated relaxation pressure.